The heart rate method for estimating metabolic rate: Review and recommendations

Green, Jonathan A.

doi:10.1016/j.cbpa.2010.09.011

Cited by 192 publications

(195 citation statements)

References 167 publications

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“…We observed, when looking at movements, that bears in northwestern Minnesota were also more nocturnally active in spring. We also observed large seasonal changes in HR, indicative of metabolic changes (Green 2011). However, the bears exhibited a temporal misalignment between HR and movement during the fall: metabolism decreased earlier and more rapidly than their movements.…”

Section: Temporal Effectsmentioning

confidence: 64%

Behavioral and physiological responses of American black bears to landscape features within an agricultural region

et al. 2015

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Abstract. Human activities and variation in habitat quality and configuration have been shown to influence space use patterns in many species, but few studies have documented the physiological responses of free-ranging animals to these factors. We combined remote biologger technology, capturing continuous heart rate values, with locational data from GPS collars to investigate the behavioral and physiological reactions of American black bears (Ursus americanus) to a landscape dominated by agriculture (52.5% areal cover). Our study occurred at the edge of the range of this species, with small, scattered patches of forest within a mosaic of crop fields and an extensive road network. However, only ;2-4% of the area contained crops that bears consumed (corn, sunflowers, oats). We used GPS locations to identify the habitat that bears occupied, and to estimate their rates of travel. Heart rates increased with movement rates, rising by over 30% from resting rate to their fastest travel speeds. We used a modeling approach to distinguish among factors that influenced heart rates independent of movement rates. Bears commonly crossed agricultural areas that provided no food or cover and their heart rates, elevated beyond what was expected from their movement rate, were indicative of a stress response. However, when bears entered agricultural areas composed of edible crops, many individuals showed reduced movement and slower heart rates, suggesting that bears foraging there felt at ease or crops allow bears to more easily forage due to their dense spatial arrangements. Unexpectedly, female bears elicited lower heart rates and lower levels of activity in the most fragmented patches of natural habitat, possibly a sign of humanavoidance behavior or a reaction related to crossing roads. During fall, as bears prepared for hibernation, their heart rates declined two weeks before their movements slackened, evidence that metabolism slowed to enhance fat accumulation; they also shifted to a nocturnal activity pattern, likely to reduce exertion during the heat of the day. The use of a physiological monitor provided new insights on bear biology and ecology that would not have otherwise been apparent.

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Section: Temporal Effectsmentioning

confidence: 64%

Behavioral and physiological responses of American black bears to landscape features within an agricultural region

et al. 2015

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“…Specifically, for both ODBA and f H separately, two mixed linear models were generated and compared using Akaike's information criterion (AIC) as a measure of model fit (Burnham and Anderson 2010 Green (2011), prediction equations derived from one group of individuals may well not be precise when applied to a new, single individual and instead are suitable for estimating the mean rate of energy expenditure of a group. To illustrate these issues, the 95 % confidence intervals and relative SEEs associated with estimates derived from ODBA in the present study were calculated for three scenarios in terms of the number of people in the expedition of interest and the amount of data collected, in order to illustrate the approximate span of prediction preciseness that can be expected.…”

Section: Analysis Of Laboratory Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Suitably calibrated, measures of acceleration and/or heart rate (f H ) recorded on data loggers attached to people are known to provide valid, quantifiable estimates of their energy expenditure during periods of activity at a range of temporal scales, at least at the group level (Boothby 1915;Cavagna et al 1963;Halsey et al 2008Green 2011). Both these proxies and the associated techniques needed to measure them inevitably have limitations (Eston et al 1998;Bouchard and Trudeau 2008;Halsey 2011;.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antarctica on foot: the energy expended to walk, ski and man-haul

et al. 2015

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Polar exploration often involves travelling on foot and thus is physically intensive, with long-term excursions typically resulting in weight loss. Few studies have investigated the energy expended under such circumstances.Here, we present a range of prediction equations for estimating metabolic rate from heart rate or accelerometry data for specific activities including skiing and man-hauling which can be applied to either short-or long-term excursions. We also use some of these equations to estimate the energy expended undertaking various activities by a team of explorers while attempting to traverse the Antarctic continent during the austral winter of 2013 (as part of the White Mars Project during The Coldest Journey). Calibration equations based on either accelerometry data (from which overall dynamic body acceleration, ODBA, is derived) or heart rate showed good relationships with rate of oxygen consumption, particularly when person height was included. Periods of skiing and man-hauling on The Coldest Journey were estimated to be more energetically demanding (30.0 and 31.1 kJ min -1 , respectively) than walking (24.9 kJ min -1 ), or other outdoor work (21.9 kJ min -1 ).Estimates of energy expenditure during The Coldest Journey were similar to measures obtained in previous, comparative scenarios. We hope that future expeditions to Antarctica will use these prediction equations to further our understanding of the energy costs of exploring Antarctica and the nutritional requirements needed to guard against emaciation.

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“…In a recent review, Green (2011) considered research that used heart rate data to determine metabolic rates. Understanding how metabolic rate is linked to behaviour is a key component of nutritional ecology.…”

Section: Estimating Locationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunities for telemetry techniques in studies on the nutritional ecology of free-ranging domesticated ruminants

Swain

Friend

2013

Animal

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The principles of domestic herbivore nutrition are well understood and have been developed through detailed physiological studies, although methods to accurately measure field-based intake still challenge herbivore nutrition research. Nutritional ecology considers an animal's interaction with the environment based on its nutritional demands. Although there are a number of theoretical frameworks that can be used to explore nutritional ecology, optimal foraging provides a suitable starting point. Optimal foraging models have progressed from deterministic techniques to spatially explicit agent-based simulation methods. The development of optimal foraging modelling points towards opportunities for field-based research to explore behavioural preferences within studies that have an array of nutritional choices that vary both spatially and temporally. A number of techniques including weighing animals, weighing herbage, using markers (both natural and artificial) and sampling forage, using oesophageal-fistulated animals, have been used to determine intake in the field. These intake measurement techniques are generally most suited to studies that occur over a few days and with relatively small (often less than 10) groups of animals. Over the last 10 years, there have been a number of advances in automated behavioural monitoring technology (e.g. global positioning systems) to track animal movement. A number of recent studies have integrated detailed spatial assessments of vegetation using on-ground sampling and satellite remote sensing; these data have been linked to behavioural preferences of herbivores. Although the recent studies still do not address nutritional interactions over months or years, they do point to methods that could be used to address landscape scale nutritional interactions. Emerging telemetry techniques used to monitor herbivore behavioural preferences and also to determine detailed landscape vegetation mapping provide the opportunity for future herbivore nutritional ecology studies.

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The heart rate method for estimating metabolic rate: Review and recommendations

Cited by 192 publications

References 167 publications

Behavioral and physiological responses of American black bears to landscape features within an agricultural region

Behavioral and physiological responses of American black bears to landscape features within an agricultural region

Antarctica on foot: the energy expended to walk, ski and man-haul

Opportunities for telemetry techniques in studies on the nutritional ecology of free-ranging domesticated ruminants

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