Under the conditions of economic, political uncertainty and increased health care associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, there is a need to determine the socio-psychological factors transforming attitudes and public confidence in the healthcare system. Psychological studies of financial attitudes in healthcare with the advent of the biological threat have moved to another level, which can be defined as a system of risk management and trust in public policy under conditions of uncertainty. The article presents the results of an online survey of Russian citizens during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, which demonstrated the connection between financial attitudes in medicine and the approval of Russian healthcare, the connection between domestic corruption in medicine and the approval of insurance medicine (VMI). The survey involved 878 respondents (406 men and 496 women). A special methodology "Financial attitudes of Russians in the field of healthcare" was developed. An important result of the regression analysis was obtained, which showed that the factor of trust / distrust in Russian medicine associated with domestic corruption affects the choice of a citizen of either insurance medicine (VHI) or state (CHI).