The health effects of waste incinerators

Thompson, J.J.; Anthony, Honor M.

doi:10.1080/13590840600554685

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 181 publications

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“…The mean HC emissions results for loading rate less than 45 kg/h were within the mean HC ambient air quality tolerance limits of 700 ppm as specified earlier [25]. According to Thompson and Anthony [26], the exposure to high levels of HC could attack central nervous system, cardiovascular system, foetus and other organs that are oxygen deficiency the same way carbon monoxide do.…”

Section: Fig 6 the Poorly Designed Incinerators Resulting To Open-wsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…Also, high values of fixed carbon and low calorific value in wastes could cause maximum smoke opacity to be reached quickly leading to emissions of larger amounts of fine particulate matters within a short time similar to what Ujam and Eboh [11] reported. The smoke of fine particulate matters created due to incomplete waste combustion, would results into respiratory irritations in both animals and human beings as reported by Thompson and Anthony [26]. The incinerators at Community Resource Center and at Green Valley showed dark and dense smoke with excessive particulate matters as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Assessment Of Smoke Opacity At the Chimneymentioning

confidence: 71%

“…The differences could have been due to insufficiently air combustion, poor mixing of air/wastes and low incinerator operating temperature levels in the literature. According to Thompson and Anthony [26] the carbon monoxide could be retained by blood haemoglobin stronger than oxygen forming carboxyhaemoglobin (COHb), inhibiting oxygen supply to the body tissues.…”

Section: Effects Of Wastes Incineration At Various Operating Temperatmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Flue Gas Emissions and Performance Evaluation of Small-scale Solid Waste Incinerators at Njokerio and Ng’ondu in Njoro, Kenya

Mugo

Nyaanga

Owido

et al. 2020

JERR

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Solid waste management is challenging and incineration technique is more preferred to other methods in reduction of mass and volume, removal of odour and energy recovery in both industrial and residential environments. The challenges facing residents at Njokerio, Ng’ondu and Green Valley estates in Njoro, Kenya included poorly designed open-wastes collection systems, exceeding incinerator loading rates and inappropriate operating temperatures. It also include inadequate design specifications, poorly mixed solid wastes with high moisture contents resulting to high emissions of noxious heavy dense smoke. The aim of this study was to evaluate factors influencing flue gas emissions and performance of small-scale incinerators. Data collected were statistically analysed to determine trends, means, F-values and Least Significant Different (LSD) at . Wastes incineration at varying moisture contents (MC) from 15 to 75% produced mean emission values for carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), and hydrocarbon (HC) ranging between 5 and 11 ppm, 5 and 14%, and from 508 to 1168 ppm, respectively. Varying the incinerator loading rates from 15 to 75 kg/h yielded means CO ranging between 5 and 12 ppm, CO2 from 5 to 14%, and HC between 252 and 1096 ppm. Waste incineration at varying operating temperature levels from 180 to 900°C contributed to mean emissions for CO, CO2 and HC ranging from 14 to 5 ppm, 15 to 6% and 1253 to 316 ppm, respectively. The Egerton University dispensary incinerator had the best incineration performance compared to the rest. High moisture contents, overloaded incinerators and low operating temperature levels contributed to high emission levels of flue gases leading to dark and dense smoke which resulted into incomplete wastes combustion indicating poor incineration performance. Wastes incineration at low loading rates, low moisture contents and high operating temperatures produced white and fine bottom ash, low levels of carbon, implying complete wastes combustion.

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Section: Fig 6 the Poorly Designed Incinerators Resulting To Open-wsupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Assessment Of Smoke Opacity At the Chimneymentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Effects Of Wastes Incineration At Various Operating Temperatmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Flue Gas Emissions and Performance Evaluation of Small-scale Solid Waste Incinerators at Njokerio and Ng’ondu in Njoro, Kenya

Mugo

Nyaanga

Owido

et al. 2020

JERR

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“…The atmospheric less than PM 2.5 particles and also PAH (Poly Aromatic Hydrocarbon), VOC (Volatile Organic Carbon), heavy metals are pollutants generated in all kind of industrial process including thermal processing but they are also produced also in industrial and municipal waste incineration. Incineration is known as being among the cheapest processes to reduce large volumes of the generated wastes to be disposed off as result of our anthropic activities as a society including the hazardous ones but they are also the generators of the [19]. Incinerators air pollution abatement equipment catching the pollutants not to be released into the atmosphere only transfers toxic compounds to the fly and bottom ashes.…”

Section: Incineration Generates New Pollution Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adequate Pollution Management - A Must for Implementation of ‘One Health’ Concept

Arama

Kim

Niță-Lazăr

et al. 2020

RJEEC

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The paper focused on the possible links among pollution, pollution management efficiency including waste management and the propensity of a variety of emerging diseases in our society by answering the question: “How pollution can affect human health?” Environmental pollution is a reality and our planet ecosystem possibilities to face the challenges due to the constant exceeding its resilience are becoming smaller and smaller. The evolution of the climate change indicators like global temperature, global CO2 emissions, oceans acidification and species extinction point out that in a not very long period of time, the planet will not be able to sustain any more the present society’s life style set by the current economic development. Therefore, many warning signals have been issued to change the present behavior in order to reduce significant damages done to the environment and on human health with serious implications on the dysregulation of our immunity and the onset of a plethora of diseases. In this respect, the present paper reviewed relevant aspects linked to the environmental pollution issues that become part of scientific and public debates presented in specialty literature in recent years emphasizing why the implementation of “One Health” concept is necessary.

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“…Nowadays, grinding dust it is normally not re-used and/or recycled, being destined to incineration. This is not the most environmentally friendly practice of disposing of wastes due to the emission of pollutants and contamination of neighboring communities [3]. Studies that aim to develop alternatives for reuse and/or recycling of grinding dust are extremely necessary.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retarding effect of grinding dust and its influence on the physical-mechanical and rheological properties of cementitious matrices

Mariano

Neto

Morelli

et al. 2019

Rev. IBRACON Estrut. Mater.

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ResumoThe present study evaluated the feasibility of the use of grinding dust (GD), a waste generated in the clutch disc finishing process, as a retardant additive in cementitious matrices. For this, the waste was added in contents of 5%, 10% and 15%, relative to the cement weight, and the setting time was determined by the Vicat method. In addition, the influence of this material on rheology (flow table, squeeze-flow and rotational rheometry) and on the physical-mechanical properties of the hardened matrices was analyzed. The results indicated an increase in setting time and a reduction in the fluidity of the mortars as a function of the addition of GD and the best results for the hardened state properties were verified for the cementitious matrices containing a 5% addition. Therefore, it was observed that GD is effective in retarding the setting time, presenting great potential for use in civil construction, without impairing its properties.O presente estudo avaliou a viabilidade da utilização do pó de retífica (PR), resíduo gerado na produção de revestimentos de discos de embreagem, como aditivo retardador em matrizes cimentícias. Para isso, o PR foi adicionado nos teores de 5%, 10% e 15%, em relação à massa de cimento, e avaliou-se o efeito desta adição no tempo de pega, pelo método de Vicat. Além destes ensaios, foi analisada a influência deste material na reologia (flow table, squeeze-flow e reometria rotacional) e nas propriedades físico-mecânicas das matrizes endurecidas. Os resultados indicaram um retardo de pega crescente em função de um maior teor de PR adicionado e uma redução na fluidez das matrizes cimentícias, sendo que os melhores resultados para as propriedades no estado endurecido foram verificados para as matrizes cimentícias contendo 5% de adição. Assim, observou-se que o PR é eficaz no retardo da pega, apresentando grande potencial de utilização na construção civil, sem prejudicar as suas propriedades.Palavras-chave: resíduo, pó de retífica, aditivo retardador, reologia, propriedades físico-mecânicas.

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The health effects of waste incinerators

Cited by 16 publications

References 181 publications

Flue Gas Emissions and Performance Evaluation of Small-scale Solid Waste Incinerators at Njokerio and Ng’ondu in Njoro, Kenya

Flue Gas Emissions and Performance Evaluation of Small-scale Solid Waste Incinerators at Njokerio and Ng’ondu in Njoro, Kenya

Adequate Pollution Management - A Must for Implementation of ‘One Health’ Concept

Retarding effect of grinding dust and its influence on the physical-mechanical and rheological properties of cementitious matrices

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