The Health Consequences of Obesity in Young Adulthood

Cheng, Hoi Lun; Medlow, Sharon; Steinbeck, Katharine

doi:10.1007/s13679-016-0190-2

Cited by 68 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…However, we find this hypothesis less plausible as global brain atrophy due to metabolic syndrome is mostly seen in older participants, whereas the current sample had a mean age of 29. Young adults often experience “healthy or transitional obesity,” where clinical inflammation levels ( 45 ) and other cardiometabolic comorbidities have not yet developed ( 46 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurobehavioral correlates of obesity are largely heritable

Vainik

Baker

Dadar

et al. 2018

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

109

118

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SignificanceObesity is a widespread heritable health condition. Evidence from psychology, cognitive neuroscience, and genetics has proposed links between obesity and the brain. The current study tested whether the heritable variance in body mass index (BMI) is explained by brain and behavioral factors in a large brain imaging cohort that included multiple related individuals. We found that the heritable variance in BMI had genetic correlations 0.25–0.45 with cognitive tests, cortical thickness, and regional brain volume. In particular, BMI was associated with frontal lobe asymmetry and differences in temporal-parietal perceptual systems. Further, we found genetic overlap between certain brain and behavioral factors. In summary, the genetic vulnerability to BMI is expressed in the brain. This may inform intervention strategies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurobehavioral correlates of obesity are largely heritable

Vainik

Baker

Dadar

et al. 2018

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

109

118

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Thus, whilst there is strong evidence for an association between child abuse and adult obesity it is unclear whether or not this association also exists for obesity in adolescence. It is important to understand more about factors potentially associated with obesity, particularly at a younger age, due to its wide-ranging, individual long-term health consequences, such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension 19,20,21,22 , and its significant costs to the economy. 23 Child abuse also leads to substantial economic cost.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Child Abuse Associated with Adolescent Obesity? A Population Cohort Study

et al. 2018

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No relationship was found between child abuse and adolescent obesity in this cohort. This challenges the assumption that adolescent obesity is linked to previous child abuse, as demonstrated for obesity in adult life. A further longitudinal study utilizing both parental and child reports with data record linkage, to improve reporting of abuse, and including neglect as an abuse category, would be desirable.

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“…First, given the profound effects of obesity on physical and emotional health,[67], we have integrated physiologic and psychosocial outcomes. We have selected insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance as proximal indicators that are prelude to the development of T2D and QoL as a robust indicator of overall wellbeing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Culturally-grounded diabetes prevention program for obese Latino youth: Rationale, design, and methods

Williams

Konopken

Keller

et al. 2017

Contemporary Clinical Trials

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Background Type 2 diabetes (T2D) disproportionately impacts Latino youth yet few diabetes prevention programs address this important source of health disparities. Objectives To address this knowledge gap, we describe the rationale, design, and methodology underpinning a culturally-grounded T2D prevention program for obese Latino youth. The study aims to: 1) to test the efficacy of the intervention for reducing T2D risk, 2) explore potential mediators and moderators of changes in health behaviors and health outcomes and, 3) examine the incremental cost-effectiveness for reducing T2D risk. Latino adolescents (N=160, age 14–16) will be randomized to either a 3-month intensive lifestyle intervention or a control condition. The intervention consists of weekly health education delivered by bilingual/bicultural promotores and 3 moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (PA) sessions/week. Control youth receive health information and results from their laboratory testing. Insulin sensitivity, glucose tolerance, and weight-specific quality of life are assessed at baseline, 3-months, 6-months, and 12-months. We will explore whether enhanced self-efficacy and/or social support mediate improvements in nutrition/PA behaviors and T2D outcomes. We will also explore whether effects are moderated by sex and/or acculturation. Cost-effectiveness from the health system perspective will be estimated by the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio using changes in insulin sensitivity at 12-months. Conclusions The results of this study will provide much needed information on how T2D prevention interventions for obese Latino youth are developed, implemented and evaluated. This innovative approach is an essential step in the development of scalable, cost-effective, solution oriented programs to prevent T2D in this and other high-risk populations.

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The Health Consequences of Obesity in Young Adulthood

Cited by 68 publications

References 102 publications

Neurobehavioral correlates of obesity are largely heritable

Neurobehavioral correlates of obesity are largely heritable

Is Child Abuse Associated with Adolescent Obesity? A Population Cohort Study

Culturally-grounded diabetes prevention program for obese Latino youth: Rationale, design, and methods

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