The health belief model and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Abstract

We tested the predictive utility of the health belief model (HBM) for adherence with a complex, ongoing medical regimen in the context of a chronically ill youthful population (56 adolescent outpatients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; mean age = 14 years). A three-construct model of health beliefs was tested: Threat (perceived susceptibility combined with severity), Benefits-Costs, and Cues to seek treatment. Multiple indicators of compliance were used, and metabolic control was measured by glycosylated hemoglobin. The Benefits-Costs and Cues constructs were related to compliance in the theoretically expected positive direction. Threat interacted with Benefits-Costs in the prediction of compliance and with Cues in the prediction of metabolic control. The greatest compliance was achieved with low perceived Threat and high perceived Benefits-Costs. Poor metabolic control was associated with high Threat and Cues. As age increased, adherence to the exercise, injection, and frequency components of the regimen decreased.

Personal Models of Diabetes in Relation to Self-Care, Well-Being, and Glycemic Control

“…The perceived consequences dimension of the personal model is similar to two constructs in the health belief model: perceived severity of diabetes and perceived susceptibility to complications of diabetes (20). Perceived consequences beliefs are also similar to the perceived impact of diabetes.…”

“…The Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Schedule (29) is a validated 12-item selfreport instrument that assesses four areas of diabetes self-management (diet, exercise, blood glucose monitoring, and injecting) over the previous 7 days, and it has been used previously with adolescents (18,20). The scales were scored by combining the scores for items contributing to the diet, exercise, and insulin injection scales.…”

“…Differentiating between long-and short-term beliefs may also be important in understanding the conflicting results for threat expectancies in previous work on adolescents with diabetes (18,20,25). Whether predicting anxiety, depression, or dietary self-management in adolescents, it was the short-term effects of the illness and its treatment (perceived impact of diabetes and effectiveness of treatment to control diabetes) that were important (19).…”

Personality, personal model beliefs, and self-care in adolescents and young adults with Type 1 diabetes.

“…This is a 12-item self-report instrument that assesses four areas of diabetes self-management (diet, exercise, blood glucose monitoring, and injecting-medication taking) over the previous 7 days. This is a wellvalidated instrument that has been widely used with both adult and adolescent samples ( Bond, Aiken, & Somerville, 1992 ;Toobert, Hampson, & Glasgow, 2000 ;Skinner & Hampson, 1998 ). Five items ask about the amount and types of food eaten, three items address frequency of exercise, two items address frequency of blood glucose tests, and two items assess the frequency and timing of insulin injections.…”

Subjective quality of life, self-esteem and social support in teenagres with endocrinological disturbances

“…Leczenie wymaga stałej kontroli poziomu cukru we krwi, dawkowania insuliny, przestrzegania diety, dawkowania wysiłku fizycznego, stałej samokontroli organizmu i samodyscypliny [21,22]. Niezwykle ważne jest zapobieganie hiper-i hipoglikemii, które mogą nieść poważne zagrożenie dla zdrowia [23][24][25].…”