The handbook for standardized field and laboratory measurements in terrestrial climate change experiments and observational studies (ClimEx)

Rechsteiner, Aud Helen Halbritter; Boeck, Hans J. De; Eycott, Amy E.; Reinsch, Sabine; Robinson, David A.; Vicca, Sara; Berauer, Bernd J.; Christiansen, Casper T.; Estiarte, Marc; Grünzweig, José M.; Gya, Ragnhild; Hansen, Karin; Jentsch, Anke; Lee, Hanna; Linder, Sune; Marshall, John D.; Peñuelas, Josep; Schmidt, Inger Kappel; Stuart-Haëntjens, Ellen; Wilfahrt, Peter A.; Vandvik, Vigdis; Abrantes, Nélson; Almagro, María; Althuizen, Inge H. J.; Barrio, Isabel C.; Beest, Mariska te; Beier, Claus; Beil, Ilka; Berry, Z. Carter; Birkemoe, Tone; Bjerke, Jarle W.; Blonder, Benjamin; Blume‐Werry, Gesche; Bohrer, Gil; Campos, Isabel; Cernusak, Lucas A.; Chojnicki, Bogdan H.; Cosby, Bernhard J.; Dickman, L. Turin; Djukic, Ika; Filella, Iolanda; Fuchslueger, Lucia; Gargallo‐Garriga, Albert; Gillespie, Mark A.; Goldsmith, Gregory R.; Gough, Christopher M.; Halliday, Fletcher W.; Hegland, Stein Joar; Hoch, Günter; Holub, Petr; Jaroszynska, Francesca; Johnson, Daniel M.; Jones, Scott B.; Kardol, Paul; Keizer, Jan Jacob; Klem, Karel; Konestabo, Heidi Sjursen; Kreyling, Jüergen; Kröel-Dulay, György; Landhäusser, Simon M.; Larsen, Klaus Steenberg; Leblans, Niki I. W.; Lebron, Inma; Lehmann, Marco M.; Lembrechts, Jonas J.; Lenz, Armando; Linstädter, Anja; Llusià, Joan; Macias‐Fauria, Marc; Malyshev, Andrey V.; Mänd, Pille; Marshall, Miles R.; Matheny, Ashley M.; McDowell, Nate G.; Meier, Ina C.; Meinzer, Frederick C.; Michaletz, Sean T.; Miller, Megan L.; Muffler, Lena; Oravec, Michal; Ostonen, Ivika; Porcar‐Castell, Albert; Preece, Catherine; Prentice, Iain Colin; Radujković, Dajana; Ravolainen, Virve; Ribbons, Relena R.; Ruppert, Jan C.; Sack, Lawren; Sardans, Jordi; Schindlbacher, Andreas; Scoffoni, Christine; Sigurðsson, Bjarni D.; Smart, Simon M.; Smith, Stuart W.; Soper, Fiona M.; Speed, James D. M.; Sverdrup‐Thygeson, Anne; Sydenham, Markus Arne Kjær; Taghizadeh‐Toosi, Arezoo; Telford, Richard J.; Tielbӧrger, Katja; Töpper, Joachim; Urban, Otmar; Ploeg, Martine van der; Langenhove, Leandro Van; Večeřová, Kristýna; Ven, Arne; Verbruggen, Erik; Vik, Unni; Weigel, Robert; Wohlgemuth, Thomas; Wood, Lauren K.; Zinnert, Julie C.; Zurba, Kamal

doi:10.1111/2041-210x.13331

Cited by 79 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 72 publications

(109 reference statements)

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“…These experiments should observe across a range of temporal scales from hourly values of photosynthesis and ET, to daily and weekly LAI dynamics, up to arrive to annual changes in species composition (Halbritter et al, 2019).…”

Section: Outlook For Model Developments and Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rainfall manipulation experiments as simulated by terrestrial biosphere models: Where do we stand?

Paschalis

Fatichi

Zscheischler

et al. 2020

Global Change Biology

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Changes in rainfall amounts and patterns have been observed and are expected to continue in the near future with potentially significant ecological and societal consequences. Modelling vegetation responses to changes in rainfall is thus crucial to project water and carbon cycles in the future. In this study, we present the results of a new model-data intercomparison project, where we tested the ability of 10 terrestrial biosphere models to reproduce the observed sensitivity of ecosystem productivity to rainfall changes at 10 sites across the globe, in nine of which, rainfall exclusion and/or irrigation experiments had been performed. The key results are as follows: (a) Intermodel variation is generally large and model agreement varies with timescales. In severely water-limited sites, models only agree on the interannual variability of evapotranspiration and to a smaller extent on gross primary productivity. In more mesic sites, model agreement for both water and carbon fluxes is typically higher on fine (daily-monthly) timescales and reduces on longer (seasonal-annual) scales. (b) Models on average overestimate the relationship between ecosystem productivity and mean rainfall amounts across sites (in space) and have a low capacity in reproducing the temporal (interannual) sensitivity of vegetation productivity to annual rainfall at a given site, even though observation uncertainty is comparable to inter-model variability. (c) Most models reproduced the sign of the observed patterns in productivity changes in rainfall manipulation experiments but had a low capacity in reproducing the observed magnitude of productivity changes. Models better reproduced the observed productivity responses due to rainfall exclusion than addition. (d) All models attribute ecosystem productivity changes to the intensity of vegetation stress and peak leaf area, whereas the impact of the change in growing season length is negligible. The relative contribution of the peak leaf area and vegetation stress intensity was highly variable among models. K E Y W O R D S drought, irrigation, rainfall manipulation experiment, terrestrial biosphere models

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Section: Outlook For Model Developments and Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rainfall manipulation experiments as simulated by terrestrial biosphere models: Where do we stand?

Paschalis

Fatichi

Zscheischler

et al. 2020

Global Change Biology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…To standardize our survey effort among plots and years, and to avoid plot-level edge effects, we quantified the absolute cover of each species in a marked 0.75 × 0.75 m subplot in the center of each plot each year. Vegetation surveys entailed the same three researchers searching within the subplot area for all rooted vascular plants and any vines (rooted or not) present in the subplot, before jointly estimating the total percent cover of each species (Halbritter et al, 2020).…”

Section: Quantification Of Host Community Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Eutrophication, biodiversity loss, and species invasions modify the relationship between host and parasite richness during host community assembly

Halliday

Heckman

Wilfahrt

et al. 2020

Global Change Biology

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“…When soil moisture is below field capacity and plants are active, R a and R h and belowground NPP are typically positively correlated with soil water availability. R a decreases under limited water supply due to (1) reduced plant growth and nutrient demand, (2) reduced root tissue activity due to limited soil water, and (3) reduced respiratory substrate production from photosynthetic activity (Hasibeder et al, 2015). In contrast, increased water supply increases R a by enhancing plant growth and photosynthetic rates (Heisler-White et al, 2008;Maire et al, 2015).…”

Section: Responses Of Soil Respiration and Belowground Biomassmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As more and more PMEs are implemented, sample sizes available for meta-analysis are increasing (Song et al, 2019). In this regard, the recent deployment of broad networks of PMEs with standardized methodology and sampling procedures (Fraser et al, 2013;Halbritter et al, 2020) could ultimately contribute to more powerful meta-analyses with more easily interpreted outcomes (Hilton et al, 2019;Knapp et al, 2012Knapp et al, , 2017.…”

Section: Challenges In Meta-analyses and Synthetic Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reviews and syntheses: Soil responses to manipulated precipitation changes – an assessment of meta-analyses

Abbasi

Salazar

et al. 2020

Biogeosciences

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Abstract. In the face of ongoing and projected climatic changes, precipitation manipulation experiments (PMEs) have produced a wealth of data about the effects of precipitation changes on soils. In response, researchers have undertaken a number of synthetic efforts. Several meta-analyses have been conducted, each revealing new aspects of soil responses to precipitation changes. Here, we conducted a comparative analysis of the findings of 16 meta-analyses focused on the effects of precipitation changes on 42 soil response variables, covering a wide range of soil processes. We examine responses of individual variables as well as more integrative responses of carbon and nitrogen cycles. We find strong agreement among meta-analyses that belowground carbon and nitrogen cycling accelerate under increased precipitation and slow under decreased precipitation, while bacterial and fungal communities are relatively resistant to decreased precipitation. Much attention has been paid to fluxes and pools in carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycles, such as gas emissions, soil carbon, soil phosphorus, extractable nitrogen ions, and biomass. The rates of processes underlying these variables (e.g., mineralization, fixation, and (de)nitrification) are less frequently covered in meta-analytic studies, with the major exception of respiration rates. Shifting scientific attention to these less broadly evaluated processes would deepen the current understanding of the effects of precipitation changes on soil and provide new insights. By jointly evaluating meta-analyses focused on a wide range of variables, we provide here a holistic view of soil responses to changes in precipitation.

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The handbook for standardized field and laboratory measurements in terrestrial climate change experiments and observational studies (ClimEx)

Abstract: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Cited by 79 publications

References 72 publications

Rainfall manipulation experiments as simulated by terrestrial biosphere models: Where do we stand?

Rainfall manipulation experiments as simulated by terrestrial biosphere models: Where do we stand?

Eutrophication, biodiversity loss, and species invasions modify the relationship between host and parasite richness during host community assembly

Reviews and syntheses: Soil responses to manipulated precipitation changes – an assessment of meta-analyses

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