The Habitability of the Galactic Bulge

Balbi, A.; Hami, Maryam; Kovačević, Andjelka

doi:10.3390/life10080132

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Third, although we have used one of the best mock Milky-Way proxies available, some differences exist between the actual Milky Way and g15784, which may lead to differences in panspermia probability. For example, our mock galaxy has a larger value of bulge-to-disc light ratio than the actual Milky Way (Brook et al 2012), and the galactic bulge has been suggested to be well-suited for panspermia (e.g., Chen et al 2018;Balbi et al 2020). Finally, higher-resolution galaxy simulations with proper implementation of largescale effects may provide a more realistic estimation of panspermia probability by, among other things, not having to account for self panspermia (e.g., Schaye et al 2015;Crain et al 2015;Lee et al 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Panspermia in a Milky Way-like Galaxy

Gobat,

Hong,

Snaith

et al. 2021

Preprint

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We study the process of panspermia in Milky Way-like galaxies by modeling the probability of successful travel of organic compounds between stars harboring potentially habitable planets. To this end, we apply the modified habitability recipe of Gobat & Hong (2016) to a model galaxy from the MUGS suite of zoom-in cosmological simulations. We find that, unlike habitability, which only occupies narrow dynamic range over the entire galaxy, the panspermia probability can vary be orders of magnitude between the inner (R, b = 1 − 4 kpc) and outer disk. However, only a small fraction of star particles have very large values of panspermia probability and, consequently, the fraction of star particles where the panspermia process is more effective than prebiotic evolution is much lower than from naïve expectations based on the ratio between panspermia probability and natural habitability.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Panspermia in a Milky Way-like Galaxy

Gobat,

Hong,

Snaith

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…If life can be transmitted across stellar systems, the highest rate of catastrophic events could be mitigated by the possibility that life can relocate swiftly to safer areas (Balbi et al, 2020) or that life recovery rate is high within denser Galactic regions like the bulge.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On possible life-dispersal patterns beyond the Earth

Kovacevic

2022

Preprint

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The assumption that exoplanets are ' in equilibrium' with their surroundings has not given way to life's transmissivity on large spatial scales. The spread of human diseases and the life recovery rate after mass extinctions on our planet, on the other hand, may exhibit spatial and temporal scaling as well as distribution correlations that influence the mappable range of their characteristics. We model hypothetical bio-dispersal within a single Galactic region using the stochastic infection dynamics process, which is inspired by these local properties of life dispersal on Earth. We split the population of stellar systems into different categories regarding habitability and evolved them through time using probabilistic cellular automata rules analogous to the model. As a dynamic effect, we include the existence of natural dispersal vectors (e.g., dust, asteroids) in a way that avoids assumptions about their agency (i.e., questions of existence). Moreover, by assuming that dispersal vectors have a finite velocity and range, the model includes the parameter of 'optical depth of life spreading'. The effect of the oscillatory infection rate (b(t, d)) on the long-term behavior of the dispersal flux, which adds a diffusive component to its progression, is also taken into account. The life recovery rate (g(t, d)) was only included in the model as a link to macrofaunal diversity data, which shows that all mass extinctions have a 10-Myr 'speed rate' in diversity recovery. This parameter accounts for the repopulation of empty viable niches as well as the formation of new ones, without ruling out the possibility of genuine life reemergence on other habitable worlds in the Galaxy that colossal extinctions have sterilized. All life-transmission events within the Galactic patch have thus been mapped into phase space characterized by parameters b and g. We found that phase space is separated into subregions of long-lasting transmission, rapidly terminated transmission, and a transition region between the two. We observed that depending on the amplitude of the oscillatory life spreading rate, life-transmission in the Galactic patch might take on different geometrical shapes (i.e., 'waves'). Even if some host systems are uninhabited, life transmission has a certain threshold, allowing a patch to be saturated with viable material over a long period. Although stochastic fluctuations in the local density of habitable systems allow for clusters that can continuously infect one another, the spatial pattern disappears when life transmission is below the observed threshold, so that transmission process is not permanent in time. Both findings suggest that a habitable planet in a densely populated region may remain uninfected.

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“…Targeted at the central Supermassive Black Hole (SMBH) hosted in our Milky Way, known as Sagittarius A*(Sgr A*), existence of some planets around it is also not excluded. At 10 to 30 light-years from the nucleus, fatal effects from strong gravitational fields and tidal forces are alleviated to relatively safe extend [15]. In addition, the thermodynamic models of exoplanets due to the interaction of SMBH and cosmic microwave background (CMB) in such orbits supports the occurrence of carbon-based organisms [16].…”

Section: Radiation Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Habitability of Exoplanets around Black Hole

Jiang

2022

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Contemporarily, investigation for habitability of exoplanets around black hole remains a hot topic. In this paper, the state-of-art experimental results relevant to the topic as well as the basic principles will be summarized. To be specific, basic information about black holes will be introduced first, including the 4 categories and detection method. Based on several observations for the effect of black hole towards near-by planets, this paper mainly focuses on the effect of black hole radiation and infrared echo on the habitability of exoplanets and the subsequent impact from radioactive power on biological features. These result shed light on guiding further study about relationship between exoplanets and black holes.

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The Habitability of the Galactic Bulge

Cited by 13 publications

References 65 publications

Panspermia in a Milky Way-like Galaxy

Panspermia in a Milky Way-like Galaxy

On possible life-dispersal patterns beyond the Earth

Habitability of Exoplanets around Black Hole

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