The gut microbiota is associated with immune cell dynamics in humans

Schluter, Jonas; Peled, Jonathan U.; Taylor, Bradford P.; Markey, Kate A.; Smith, Melody; Taur, Ying; Niehus, René; Staffas, Anna; Dai, Anqi; Fontana, Emily; Amoretti, Luigi A.; Wright, Roberta J.; Morjaria, Sejal; Fenelus, Maly; Pessin, Melissa S.; Chao, Nelson J.; Lew, M.; Bohannon, Lauren; Bush, Amy; Sung, Anthony D.; Hohl, Tobias M.; Perales, Miguel-Ángel; Brink, Marcel R.M. van den; Xavier, João B.

doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2971-8

Cited by 326 publications

(331 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…We also found a high correlation between certain intestinal microbiota and master transcription factors of host immunity during P. yoelii infection. Currently, we still cannot identify their causality [37]. The intestinal microbiota can produce serval metabolic repertoire as signal molecules, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), or increase the host product, such as bile acid, to regulate the phenotype of antiin ammatory cells [38][39][40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Dynamic Landscape of Parasitaemia Dependent Intestinal Microbiota Shifting at Species Level and the Correlated Gut Transcriptome During Plasmodium Yoelii Infection

Zong

Cheng

et al. 2020

Preprint

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BackgroundMalaria, caused by Plasmodium infection, is a global life-threatening infection disease especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, it is still unclear about the dynamic change and the interactions of the intestinal microbiota and immunity during the whole parasite infection. Here, we investigated the change of intestinal microbiome and transcriptome during the whole Plasmodium infection process in mice to analyze the dynamic landscape of parasitaemia dependent intestinal microbiota shifting and related to host immunity.ResultsThere were significant parasitaemia dependent changes of intestinal microbiota and transcriptome, and the microbiota was significantly correlated to the intestinal immunity. We found that (i) the diversity and composition of the intestinal microbiota represented a significant correlation along with the Plasmodium infection in family, genus and species level; (ii) particularly, Erysipelotrichaceae bacterium canine oral taxon 255, Sutterella*, Ruminococcus 1* and Eubacterium plexicaudatum ASF492 were specific during the parasitaemia rising state, while Eubacterium nodatum group* was specific in the recovering phase at species level; (iii) the up-regulated genes from the intestinal transcriptome were mainly enriched in immune cell differentiation pathways along with the malaria development, particularly, naive CD4+ T cells differentiated into Th1, Th2 and Tfh cells in the early immune response and into Th17 cells in the later response, while B cells were activated during the whole Plasmodium infection process; (iv) the abundance of the parasitaemia phase-specific microbiota represented a high correlation with the phase-specific immune cells development, particularly, Th1 cell with family Bacteroidales BS11 gut group, genera Prevotella 9, Ruminococcaceae UCG 008, Moryella and specie Sutterella* , Th2 cell with specie Sutterella*, Th17 cell with family Peptococcaceae , genus Lachnospiraceae FCS020 group and spices Ruminococcus 1*, Ruminococcus UGG 014* and Eubacterium plexicaudatum ASF492, Tfh and B cell with genera Moryella and species Erysipelotrichaceae bacterium canine oral taxon 255.ConclusionThere were a remarkable dynamic landscape of the parasitaemia dependent shifting of intestinal microbiota and immunity, and a notable correlation between the abundance of intestinal microbiota, especially at species level, and immune cells.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Dynamic Landscape of Parasitaemia Dependent Intestinal Microbiota Shifting at Species Level and the Correlated Gut Transcriptome During Plasmodium Yoelii Infection

Zong

Cheng

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…The immune system modulates the gut microbiota framework and issuance [ 171 ], while in return, the microbial symbionts control immune system maturation and function [ 172 , 173 ]. Numerous rodent studies have affirmed that there is an interaction between the gut microbiota and various immune cell populations [ 174 , 175 ] or the expression of genes related to neuroinflammation [ 176 , 177 ].…”

Section: The Link Between Microbiota and Neuroinflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis and Alzheimer’s Disease: Neuroinflammation Is to Blame?

et al. 2020

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For years, it has been reported that Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. Various external and internal factors may contribute to the early onset of AD. This review highlights a contribution of the disturbances in the microbiota–gut–brain (MGB) axis to the development of AD. Alteration in the gut microbiota composition is determined by increase in the permeability of the gut barrier and immune cell activation, leading to impairment in the blood–brain barrier function that promotes neuroinflammation, neuronal loss, neural injury, and ultimately AD. Numerous studies have shown that the gut microbiota plays a crucial role in brain function and changes in the behavior of individuals and the formation of bacterial amyloids. Lipopolysaccharides and bacterial amyloids synthesized by the gut microbiota can trigger the immune cells residing in the brain and can activate the immune response leading to neuroinflammation. Growing experimental and clinical data indicate the prominent role of gut dysbiosis and microbiota–host interactions in AD. Modulation of the gut microbiota with antibiotics or probiotic supplementation may create new preventive and therapeutic options in AD. Accumulating evidences affirm that research on MGB involvement in AD is necessary for new treatment targets and therapies for AD.

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“…Creating associations between GM and transplant outcomes from large datasets may also require the use of novel, iterative statistical approaches that are dependent on largescale computing power and take into account prior probabilities, such as sequencing depth, as well as draw associations not only between total read count of genes but variations in reads [75,76]. Such Bayesian and frequentist methods are already being implemented as outlined in the subsequent section [7,8].…”

Section: Alterations In the Gm Following Allo-hsctmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interestingly, the effect of stool microbial diversity on overall survival was only seen in the subset of patients who received T cell replete grafts implying an interaction between T cell immune reconstitution and the GM [71]. In a recent follow-up study from the same center, Bayesian regression was used to show decreased microbial diversity was associated with impaired neutrophil and lymphocyte recovery [8]. Corroborating results seen in mice undergoing allo-HSCT [6], it was further shown that Ruminococcus 2 species were associated improved lymphocyte recovery [78].…”

Section: Clinical Associations In Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The gut microbiome (GM) has been shown to fine-tune elements of the developing immune system in infancy, resulting in lasting impacts on immunity throughout life [5]. Emerging evidence is now revealing that the GM can also impact immune development post-allo-HSCT in murine models and in patients [6][7][8]. We review the role the GM plays in shaping neonatal immune development, and how this can serve as a framework that will guide further investigations into how GM signals alter immunity post-allo-HSCT.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Associations between the Gut Microbiota, Immune Reconstitution, and Outcomes of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Fiorenza

Turtle

2021

Immunometabolism

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Immune reconstitution following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) sets the stage for the goal of a successful transplant—the prevention of disease relapse without graft versus host disease (GVHD) and opportunistic infection. In both epidemiologic studies and in controlled animal studies, it is known that the gut microbiome (GM) can profoundly influence normal innate and adaptive immune development and can be altered by microbial transfer and antibiotics. Following allo-HSCT the GM has been shown to influence clinical outcomes but published associations between the GM and immune reconstitution post-allo-HSCT are lacking. In this viewpoint we propose that the extensive knowledge garnered from studying normal immune development can serve as a framework for studying immune development post-allo-HSCT. We summarize existing studies addressing the effect of the GM on immune ontogeny and draw associations with immune reconstitution and the GM post-allo-HSCT.

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The gut microbiota is associated with immune cell dynamics in humans

Abstract: SUMMARY The gut microbiota influences development 1 – 3 and homeostasis 4 – 7 of the mammalian immune system, and is associated with human inflammatory- 8 and immune diseases 9 , 10 as well as patients’ responses to immunotherapy 11 – 14 . Still, our understand… Show more

Cited by 326 publications

References 51 publications

The Dynamic Landscape of Parasitaemia Dependent Intestinal Microbiota Shifting at Species Level and the Correlated Gut Transcriptome During Plasmodium Yoelii Infection

The Dynamic Landscape of Parasitaemia Dependent Intestinal Microbiota Shifting at Species Level and the Correlated Gut Transcriptome During Plasmodium Yoelii Infection

The Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis and Alzheimer’s Disease: Neuroinflammation Is to Blame?

Associations between the Gut Microbiota, Immune Reconstitution, and Outcomes of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

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