The gut microbiota at the intersection of bile acids and intestinal carcinogenesis: An old story, yet mesmerizing

Li, Tianyu; Song, Xueli; Khan, Samiullah; Li, Yun; Guo, Zixuan; Li, Chuqiao; Sinan, Wang; Dong, Wenxiao; Liu, Wentian; Wang, Bangmao; Cao, Hailong

doi:10.1002/ijc.32563

Cited by 74 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 182 publications

(370 reference statements)

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“…Secondly, bile acids and gut microbiota are related with NAFLD, 62 affecting the lipid and carbohydrate metabolism and insulin sensitivity. 63 Jia et al reviewed the roles of bile acid-microbiota crosstalk in carcinogenesis of CRC; bile acids regulated microbiota composition, while the alterations in microbiota composition in turn modulated the size and composition of the bile acid pool. 64 The perturbation of bile acid pool in response to gut dysbiosis subsequently aggravates the dysbiosis and exerts detrimental effects on the colonic epithelium, which might be key factors contributing to colorectal carcinogenesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High risk of colorectal polyps in men with non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Chen

Wang

Jing

et al. 2020

J of Gastro and Hepatol

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Background and Aim: This meta-analysis aims to explore the risk of colorectal polyps among non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients. Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane library databases using predefined search term to identify eligible studies (published up to 7 November 2019). Data from selected studies were extracted by using a standardized information collection form, and meta-analyses were performed using random-effects model. The statistical heterogeneity among studies (I 2), subgroup analyses, meta-regression analyses, and the possibility of publication bias were assessed. Results: Twenty observational (12 cross-sectional, two case-control, and six cohort) studies met the eligibility criteria, involving 142 387 asymptomatic adults. In cross-sectional/ case-control studies, NAFLD was found to be associated with an increased risk of colorectal polyps (odds ratio [OR] = 1.34; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.23-1.47) (including unclassified colorectal polyps, hyperplastic polyps, adenomas, and cancers) with statistically significant heterogeneity (I 2 = 67.8%; P < 0.001). NAFLD was also associated with a higher risk of incident colorectal polyps (hazard ratio = 1.60; 95% CI = 1.36-1.87) with low heterogeneity (I 2 = 21.8%; P = 0.263) in longitudinal studies. The severity of NAFLD was associated with a higher risk of colorectal adenomas (OR = 1.57; 95% CI = 1.30-1.88), but not colorectal cancer (OR = 1.37; 95% CI = 0.92-2.03). The subgroup analysis according to gender showed that NAFLD was significantly associated with a higher risk of colorectal polyps in the male population without significant heterogeneity (OR = 1.47; 95% CI = 1.29-1.67, I 2 = 0%), but not in the female population (OR = 0.88; 95% CI = 0.60-1.29, I 2 = 34.2%). Conclusions: NAFLD was associated with an increased risk of colorectal polyps. There was a significant difference of the relationship between genders, which suggested more precise screening colonoscopy recommendation in NAFLD patients according to gender.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High risk of colorectal polyps in men with non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Chen

Wang

Jing

et al. 2020

J of Gastro and Hepatol

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“…Therefore, alterations in bile composition may reveal the presence of different hepatobiliary and pancreatic disorders as well as the impairment of enterohepatic circulation [3,4]. Moreover, abnormal bile composition can also contribute to disease progression along the biliary and digestive tracts [3,[5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pilot Multi-Omic Analysis of Human Bile from Benign and Malignant Biliary Strictures: A Machine-Learning Approach

Urmán

Herranz

Uriarte

et al. 2020

Cancers

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Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) and pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) may lead to the development of extrahepatic obstructive cholestasis. However, biliary stenoses can also be caused by benign conditions, and the identification of their etiology still remains a clinical challenge. We performed metabolomic and proteomic analyses of bile from patients with benign (n = 36) and malignant conditions, CCA (n = 36) or PDAC (n = 57), undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with the aim of characterizing bile composition in biliopancreatic disease and identifying biomarkers for the differential diagnosis of biliary strictures. Comprehensive analyses of lipids, bile acids and small molecules were carried out using mass spectrometry (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR) in all patients. MS analysis of bile proteome was performed in five patients per group. We implemented artificial intelligence tools for the selection of biomarkers and algorithms with predictive capacity. Our machine-learning pipeline included the generation of synthetic data with properties of real data, the selection of potential biomarkers (metabolites or proteins) and their analysis with neural networks (NN). Selected biomarkers were then validated with real data. We identified panels of lipids (n = 10) and proteins (n = 5) that when analyzed with NN algorithms discriminated between patients with and without cancer with an unprecedented accuracy.

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“…Most of the BAs are reabsorbed into the portal vein and recycled by the liver, which is named enterohepatic circulation. However, some BAs remain in the blood and act as signaling molecules (Liu et al, 2020). BAs not only play an important role in maintaining hepatic glucose, cholesterol, and triglyceride homeostasis but also act as signaling molecules via Takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5 (TGR5), FXR, and other receptors (Jiao et al, 2018).…”

Section: Bas and Nafldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Metabolites: Critical Regulators in NAFLD

et al. 2020

Self Cite

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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common form of chronic liver disease throughout the world. The relationship between gut microbiota and NAFLD has been extensively investigated. The gut microbiota is involved in the regulation of NAFLD by participating in the fermentation of indigestible food, interacting with the intestinal mucosal immune system, and influencing the intestinal barrier function, leading to signaling alteration. Meanwhile, the microbial metabolites not only affect the signal transduction pathway in the gut but also reach the liver far away from gut. In this review, we focus on the effects of certain key microbial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids, trimethylamine-N-oxide, bile acids, and endogenous ethanol and indole in NAFLD, and also summarize several potential therapies targeting the gut-liver axis and modulation of gut microbiota metabolites including antibiotics, prebiotics, probiotics, bile acid regulation, and fecal microbiota transplantation. Understanding the complex interactions between microbial metabolites and NAFLD may provide crucial insight into the pathogenesis and treatment of NAFLD.

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The gut microbiota at the intersection of bile acids and intestinal carcinogenesis: An old story, yet mesmerizing

Cited by 74 publications

References 182 publications

High risk of colorectal polyps in men with non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

High risk of colorectal polyps in men with non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Pilot Multi-Omic Analysis of Human Bile from Benign and Malignant Biliary Strictures: A Machine-Learning Approach

Microbial Metabolites: Critical Regulators in NAFLD

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