The Gut Microbiota and Their Metabolites in Human Arterial Stiffness

Dinakis, Evany; Nakai, Michael; Gill, Paul; Yiallourou, Stephanie; Sata, Yusuke; Muir, Jane G.; Carrington, M.; Head, Geoffrey A.; Kaye, D.; Marques, Francine Z.

doi:10.1016/j.hlc.2021.07.022

Cited by 14 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…53 Here we identified a negative association between BP SD and night-time dipping and GPR43 in circulating immune cells. This is consistent with our previous findings regarding 24-h systolic BP 20 and aortic stiffness, 54 suggesting a blunted response to BP-lowering metabolites.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

The Gut Microbiome and their Metabolites in Human Blood Pressure Variability

Dinakis

Nakai

Gill

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Blood pressure (BP) variability is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular events. Recent evidence supports a role for the gut microbiota in BP regulation. However, whether the gut microbiome is associated with BP variability is yet to be determined. Here, we aimed to investigate the interplay between the gut microbiome and their metabolites in relation to BP variability. Ambulatory BP monitoring was performed in 69 participants from Australia (55.1% women; mean±SD 59.8±7.26-years old, 25.2±2.83 kg/m2). This data was used to determine night-time dipping, morning BP surge (MBPS) and BP variability as standard deviation (SD). The gut microbiome was determined by 16S rRNA sequencing, and metabolite levels by gas chromatography. We identified specific taxa associated with systolic BP variability, night-time dipping and MBPS. Notably, Alistipesfinegoldii and Lactobacillus spp. were only present in participants within the normal ranges of BP variability, MBPS and dipping, while Prevotella spp. and various Clostridium spp. were found to be present in extreme dippers and the highest quartiles of BP SD and MBPS. There was a negative association between MBPS and microbial α-diversity (r=-0.244, P=0.046). MBPS was also negatively associated with total levels of microbial metabolites called short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the plasma (r=-0.305, P=0.020), particularly acetate (r=-0.311, P=0.017). In conclusion, gut microbiome diversity, levels of microbial metabolites, and the bacteria Alistipesfinegoldii and Lactobacillus were associated with lower BP variability, and Clostridium and Prevotella with higher BP variability. Thus, our findings suggest the gut microbiome and metabolites may be involved in the regulation of BP variability.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

The Gut Microbiome and their Metabolites in Human Blood Pressure Variability

Dinakis

Nakai

Gill

et al. 2022

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…Besides TMAO, other gut microbiota-derived metabolites (incl. indoxyl sulfate [ 80 , 81 ], P -cresyl sulfate [ 82 ], phenylacetylglutamine [ 83 ], and equol [ 84 ]), as well as the composition of the gut microbiota [ 85 , 86 , 87 ] have been associated with AS.…”

Section: ‘Arteriometabolomics’ Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolomics of Arterial Stiffness

Paapstel

Kals

2022

Metabolites

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Arterial stiffness (AS) is one of the earliest detectable signs of structural and functional alterations of the vessel wall and an independent predictor of cardiovascular events and death. The emerging field of metabolomics can be utilized to detect a wide spectrum of intermediates and products of metabolism in body fluids that can be involved in the pathogenesis of AS. Research over the past decade has reinforced this idea by linking AS to circulating acylcarnitines, glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, and amino acids, among other metabolite species. Some of these metabolites influence AS through traditional cardiovascular risk factors (e.g., high blood pressure, high blood cholesterol, diabetes, smoking), while others seem to act independently through both known and unknown pathophysiological mechanisms. We propose the term ‘arteriometabolomics’ to indicate the research that applies metabolomics methods to study AS. The ‘arteriometabolomics’ approach has the potential to allow more personalized cardiovascular risk stratification, disease monitoring, and treatment selection. One of its major goals is to uncover the causal metabolic pathways of AS. Such pathways could represent valuable treatment targets in vascular ageing.

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“…AASI was associated with lower abundance of Lactobacillus spp. and higher abundance of several deleterious species from the genus Clostridium [ 87 ]. (iv) In children with chronic kidney disease with different categories of estimated glomerular filtration rate (G1: eGFR ≥ 90 mL/min/1.73 m 2 , 9.5 years-old; G2-G3: eGFR 30–89, 13.7 ys), carotid-PWV was correlated to the severity of the disease.…”

Section: Systematic Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Gut Microbiota and Vascular Aging: A State-of-the-Art and Systematic Review of the Literature

Agnoletti

Piani

Cicero

et al. 2022

JCM

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The gut microbiota is a critical regulator of human physiology, deleterious changes to its composition and function (dysbiosis) have been linked to the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases. Vascular ageing (VA) is a process of progressive stiffening of the arterial tree associated with arterial wall remodeling, which can precede hypertension and organ damage, and is associated with cardiovascular risk. Arterial stiffness has become the preferred marker of VA. In our systematic review, we found an association between gut microbiota composition and arterial stiffness, with two patterns, in most animal and human studies: a direct correlation between arterial stiffness and abundances of bacteria associated with altered gut permeability and inflammation; an inverse relationship between arterial stiffness, microbiota diversity, and abundances of bacteria associated with most fit microbiota composition. Interventional studies were able to show a stable link between microbiota modification and arterial stiffness only in animals. None of the human interventional trials was able to demonstrate this relationship, and very few adjusted the analyses for determinants of arterial stiffness. We observed a lack of large randomized interventional trials in humans that test the role of gut microbiota modifications on arterial stiffness, and take into account BP and hemodynamic alterations.

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The Gut Microbiota and Their Metabolites in Human Arterial Stiffness

Cited by 14 publications

References 41 publications

The Gut Microbiome and their Metabolites in Human Blood Pressure Variability

The Gut Microbiome and their Metabolites in Human Blood Pressure Variability

Metabolomics of Arterial Stiffness

The Gut Microbiota and Vascular Aging: A State-of-the-Art and Systematic Review of the Literature

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