The Gut Microbiota and Inflammatory Factors in Pediatric Appendicitis

Bi, Yuewei; Yang, Qianyu; Li, Jiao; Xing, Zhao; Yan, Bing; Li, Xuan; Cui, Hualei

doi:10.1155/2022/1059445

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…In addition to obesity, there are other diseases that have been associated with pediatric gut dysbiosis that are also linked to the severity of COVID-19. For example, additional pulmonary complications that result in pneumonia in children infected with SARS-CoV-2 may also be associated with acute appendicitis, a condition associated with gut microbiome dysbiosis [104][105][106][107]. In acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a study demonstrated that the intensity of chemotherapy played a role in the immune response to COVID-19 and the severity of disease [108].…”

Section: Covid-19 Comorbidities Associated With Dysbiosis Imbalances ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Gut Microbiome of Children during the COVID-19 Pandemic

et al. 2022

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The gut microbiome has been shown to play a critical role in maintaining a healthy state. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiome is involved in modulating disease severity and potentially contributes to long-term outcomes in adults with COVID-19. Due to children having a significantly lower risk of severe illness and limited sample availability, much less is known about the role of the gut microbiome in children with COVID-19. It is well recognized that the developing gut microbiome of children differs from that of adults, but it is unclear if this difference contributes to the different clinical presentations and complications. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge of the gut microbiome in children with COVID-19, with gut microbiome dysbiosis being found in pediatric COVID-19 but specific taxa change often differing from those described in adults. Additionally, we discuss possible mechanisms of how the gut microbiome may mediate the presentation and complications of COVID-19 in children and the potential role for microbial therapeutics.

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Section: Covid-19 Comorbidities Associated With Dysbiosis Imbalances ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Gut Microbiome of Children during the COVID-19 Pandemic

et al. 2022

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“…In addition, the appendix has the highest concentration of gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) and is considered important for the immune response of the gastrointestinal tract. Changes in the gut microbiota may have a direct effect on GALT in the appendix, leading to altered immune function [ 33 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another study by Shi et al identified specific bacteria in the gut microbiota after appendectomy that may be involved in intestinal inflammation via induction of cellular immune responses, including induction of leukocyte chemotaxis and stimulation of proinflammatory cytokine production [ 34 ]. In addition, there is evidence that Clostridia are more abundant in individuals with acute appendicitis than in healthy controls [ 33 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is there a link between appendicitis and the risk of diverticular disease?: a large German cohort study

Krieg,

Kolbe,

Loosen

et al. 2024

Int J Colorectal Dis

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Purpose Appendicitis, characterized by inflammation of the vermiform appendix, is a common abdominal emergency necessitating appendectomy. Recent evidence suggests a potential link between appendicitis and subsequent diverticular disease, yet population-based studies investigating this association are limited. Methods Utilizing the Disease Analyzer database encompassing data from over 1000 primary care practices in Germany, we conducted a retrospective cohort study. We included 25,379 adults diagnosed with appendicitis and an equal number of matched controls without appendicitis. The incidence of diverticular disease over a 10-year follow-up period was compared between the two cohorts. Cox regression analysis was performed to assess the association between appendicitis and diverticular disease, adjusting for potential confounders. Results Our findings revealed a significant association between appendicitis and subsequent diverticular disease (HR: 1.76; 95% CI: 1.57–1.97), with an increased risk observed across all age groups. Notably, this association was stronger in men (HR: 2.00; 95% CI: 1.68–2.37) than in women (HR: 1.58; 95% CI: 1.36–1.84). The cumulative 10-year incidence of diverticular disease was higher in patients with appendicitis (6.5%) compared to those without (3.6%). Additionally, we observed a clear age-dependent increase in the incidence of diverticular disease. Conclusion This large-scale population-based study provides valuable insights into the interaction between appendicitis and diverticular disease. The study underscores the need for further research elucidating the underlying mechanisms linking appendicitis to diverticular disease. Probiotics emerge as a potential therapeutic avenue warranting exploration in the management of both conditions. These findings have important implications for clinical practice, highlighting the importance of considering appendicitis as a potential risk factor for diverticular disease, particularly in men. Further investigation is warranted to validate these findings and explore potential therapeutic interventions targeting the shared pathophysiological pathways underlying both conditions.

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“…Similarly, Phascolarctobacterium has been reported to abundantly colonize the human gastrointestinal tract 56 and has been positively associated with autism spectrum disorder 57 and Alzheimer's disease. 58 Although less investigated, Megasphaera has been reported to increase in abundance after appendectomy in both children and adults, 33, 59 while it seems to be beneficial for those with diarrheal cryptosporidiosis. 60 Interestingly, we found that the galactose degradation I pathway (PWY-6317) was depleted in disease stages; therefore, it was selected as an important feature for the model classifying tumors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Bacterial Characteristics and Noninvasive Detection of Colorectal Lesions

Zhang¹,

Chen²,

Fan³

et al. 2023

Cancer Screen Prev

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Background and objectives:The gut microbiota are frequently reported to be associated with colorectal cancer, while less attention has been paid to precancerous tumors. This study aimed to characterize the intestinal bacteria in patients with colorectal lesions and to assess the potential of bacteria as noninvasive biomarkers of colorectal tumors Methods: We prospectively collected and sequenced 463 fecal samples from Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, by targeting 16S rRNA V3_V4 on a Hiseq instrument with PE250 reagents. We analyzed the gut bacterial communities, determined the bacterial characteristics, and constructed models to classify colorectal tumors after feature selection, especially for precancerous lesions.Results: There was a significant difference in fecal bacterial communities among the controls with normal colons (healthy subjects; HS) and the four stages of colorectal tumors. The fecal bacterial diversity increased in colorectal tumors. The phylum Firmicutes was significantly decreased, while Bacteroidetes was increased in colorectal tumors vs. HS. Correspondingly, a total of 81 genera, 589 operational taxonomic units, and 157 predicted pathways were remarkably different in relative abundances among the five groups. Relatively weak differences were observed among colorectal hyperplastic or inflammatory polyps (CRP), small adenomas (CRA), and advanced adenomas (Adv_CRA). Based on feature selection from genera, operational taxonomic units, pathways, and age, the models achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.92 for classifying colorectal tumors vs. HS, 0.91 for the precancerous tumors vs. CRC, 0.80 for Adv_CRA vs. CRP, and 0.70 for CRA vs. CRP. Conclusions:Alterations in the bacterial diversity, composition, and predicted pathways were identified across multistep colorectal tumorigenesis. The selected bacterial features represent potential noninvasive predictors of colorectal tumors, especially in discriminating benign polyps and adenomas.

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The Gut Microbiota and Inflammatory Factors in Pediatric Appendicitis

Cited by 9 publications

References 37 publications

The Gut Microbiome of Children during the COVID-19 Pandemic

The Gut Microbiome of Children during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Is there a link between appendicitis and the risk of diverticular disease?: a large German cohort study

Gut Bacterial Characteristics and Noninvasive Detection of Colorectal Lesions

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