The gut microbiome of Mexican children affected by obesity

Maya, Otoniel; Murugesan, Selvasankar; Nirmalkar, Khemlal; Alcaraz, Luis David; Hoyo‐Vadillo, Carlos; Pizano-Zárate, María Luisa; García‐Mena, Jaime

doi:10.1016/j.anaerobe.2018.10.009

Cited by 86 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…In addition, the gut microbiota and their metabolites are remarkably involved in host appetite control by the modulation of host satiety pathways [40]. In some cases, our results contrast with what is reported in the available literature; however, we hypothesized that in OB and OMS women the gut microbiota has increased saccharolytic activity, producing more short-chain fatty acids, increasing the levels of Acetyl-CoA in the host, and causing dyslipidemia due to elevation of cholesterol and triglycerides, as has been reported for obesity in Mexicans [41] and Italians [42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Gut Microbiota and Predicted Metabolic Pathways in a Sample of Mexican Women Affected by Obesity and Obesity Plus Metabolic Syndrome

Chávez-Carbajal

Nirmalkar

Pérez-Lizaur

et al. 2019

IJMS

Self Cite

141

137

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Obesity is an excessive fat accumulation that could lead to complications like metabolic syndrome. There are reports on gut microbiota and metabolic syndrome in relation to dietary, host genetics, and other environmental factors; however, it is necessary to explore the role of the gut microbiota metabolic pathways in populations like Mexicans, where the prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome is high. This study identify alterations of the gut microbiota in a sample of healthy Mexican women (CO), women with obesity (OB), and women with obesity plus metabolic syndrome (OMS). We studied 67 women, characterizing their anthropometric and biochemical parameters along with their gut bacterial diversity by high-throughput DNA sequencing. Our results indicate that in OB or OMS women, Firmicutes was the most abundant bacterial phylum. We observed significant changes in abundances of bacteria belonging to the Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, and Erysipelotrichaceae families and significant enrichment of gut bacteria from 16 different taxa that might explain the observed metabolic alterations between the groups. Finally, the predicted functional metagenome of the gut microbiota found in each category shows differences in metabolic pathways related to lipid metabolism. We demonstrate that Mexican women have a particular bacterial gut microbiota characteristic of each phenotype. There are bacteria that potentially explain the observed metabolic differences between the groups, and gut bacteria in OMS and OB conditions carry more genes of metabolic pathways implicated in lipid metabolism.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Gut Microbiota and Predicted Metabolic Pathways in a Sample of Mexican Women Affected by Obesity and Obesity Plus Metabolic Syndrome

Chávez-Carbajal

Nirmalkar

Pérez-Lizaur

et al. 2019

IJMS

Self Cite

141

137

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…), ↑ Siphoviridae in 0 to 10 mo of age and then slowly decrease. [45] Obese children N = 20 (HC = 10, Obese = 10) Obese to HC: ↑ Human herpesvirus 4 [46] Human (Healthy)…”

Section: Gut Phagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond Just Bacteria: Functional Biomes in the Gut Ecosystem Including Virome, Mycobiome, Archaeome and Helminths

et al. 2020

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Gut microbiota refers to a complex network of microbes, which exerts a marked influence on the host’s health. It is composed of bacteria, fungi, viruses, and helminths. Bacteria, or collectively, the bacteriome, comprises a significant proportion of the well-characterized microbiome. However, the other communities referred to as ‘dark matter’ of microbiomes such as viruses (virome), fungi (mycobiome), archaea (archaeome), and helminths have not been completely elucidated. Development of new and improved metagenomics methods has allowed the identification of complete genomes from the genetic material in the human gut, opening new perspectives on the understanding of the gut microbiome composition, their importance, and potential clinical applications. Here, we review the recent evidence on the viruses, fungi, archaea, and helminths found in the mammalian gut, detailing their interactions with the resident bacterial microbiota and the host, to explore the potential impact of the microbiome on host’s health. The role of fecal virome transplantations, pre-, pro-, and syn-biotic interventions in modulating the microbiome and their related concerns are also discussed.

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“…Most studies of the microbiota have focused on bacteria, but archaea, eukaryotes, and viruses are also present in the gut. A few studies have found associations between the composition of virome, mycome or archaeome and human diseases, including type 2 diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease, and obesity (Blais Lecours et al, 2014;Bhute et al, 2017;Borges et al, 2018;Ghavami et al, 2018;Ma et al, 2018;Maya-Lucas et al, 2019;Zuo et al, 2019). Interestingly one study showed reduced virome diversity before development of autoimmunity in children susceptible to type 1 diabetes (Zhao et al, 2017).…”

Section: Open Questionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbiota Resilience: Definition, Link to Health and Strategies for Intervention

2020

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The gut microbiota is a new frontier in health and disease. Not only many diseases are associated with perturbed microbiota, but an increasing number of studies point to a cause-effect relationship. Defining a healthy microbiota is not possible at the current state of our knowledge mostly because of high interindividual variability. A resilient microbiota could be used as surrogate for healthy microbiota. In addition, the gut microbiota is an "organ" with frontline exposure to environmental changes and insults. During the lifetime of an individual, it is exposed to challenges such as unhealthy diet, medications and infections. Impaired ability to bounce back to the pre-challenge baseline may lead to dysbiosis. It is therefore legitimate to postulate that maintaining a resilient microbiota may be important for health. Here we review the concept of resilience, what is known about the characteristics of a resilient microbiota, and how to assess microbiota resilience experimentally using a model of high fat diet challenge in humans. Interventions to maintain microbiota resilience can be guided by the knowledge of what microbial species or functions are perturbed by challenges, and designed to replace diminished species with probiotics, when available, or boost them with prebiotics. Fibers with multiple structures and composition can also be used to increase microbiota diversity, a characteristic of the microbiota that may be associated with resilience. We finally discuss some open questions and knowledge gaps.

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The gut microbiome of Mexican children affected by obesity

Cited by 86 publications

References 89 publications

Gut Microbiota and Predicted Metabolic Pathways in a Sample of Mexican Women Affected by Obesity and Obesity Plus Metabolic Syndrome

Gut Microbiota and Predicted Metabolic Pathways in a Sample of Mexican Women Affected by Obesity and Obesity Plus Metabolic Syndrome

Beyond Just Bacteria: Functional Biomes in the Gut Ecosystem Including Virome, Mycobiome, Archaeome and Helminths

Gut Microbiota Resilience: Definition, Link to Health and Strategies for Intervention

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