The gut microbiome of healthy Japanese and its microbial and functional uniqueness

Nishijima, Suguru; Suda, Wataru; Oshima, Koichiro; Kim, Seok Won; Hirose, Yuu; Morita, Hidetoshi; Hattori, Masahira

doi:10.1093/dnares/dsw002

Cited by 387 publications

(397 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Conversely, our results showed no relationship between the major energy source and bacterial abundance for any bacterial group. Determination of gut microbiota based on the 16S rRNA gene analysis method showed a greater abundance of Bifidobacterium in Japanese subjects than in subjects from other countries, especially those from the USA, China, and Korea, who showed a relatively low abundance (,2%) of Bifidobacterium (42,47). Likewise, our data showed a high abundance of Bifidobacterium in all of our Japanese subjects (average approximately 12%).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

The Relationship between Habitual Dietary Intake and Gut Microbiota in Young Japanese Women

Seura

Yoshino

Fukuwatari

2017

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, J Nutr Sci Vit

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Summary Recent studies have shown that dietary content affects the health of the host by changing the gut microbiota. However, little is known about the association of microbiota composition with habitual diet in Japanese people. Here, we aimed to clarify the relationship between the fecal microbiota and habitual dietary intake of micronutrients, macronutrients and food groups in healthy young Japanese women. Analysis of fecal microbiota was performed by the terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) method, and a dietary survey was conducted over three consecutive days using a weighed food record method. T-RFLP pattern analysis divided the subjects into two clusters, where cluster A group had a high relative abundance of Bacteroides and Clostridium cluster IV, and cluster B group had a high relative abundance of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillales. Cluster A group also had lower intakes of iron and vitamin K and higher intakes of mushrooms and snacks than cluster B group. Analysis of Spearman rank correlations found several significant relationships between fecal microbiota and intake of nutrients and food groups. Bifidobacterium was correlated with iron intake, and Clostridium cluster XI was negatively correlated with intakes of cholesterol and eggs. These results suggest that dietary habits may strongly affect Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides and Clostridium abundance in the gut microbiota of young Japanese women. This is the first study to show relationships between fecal microbiota and habitual dietary intake in Japanese people. Accumulation of results from similar studies will help to elucidate the relationships between dietary intake and diseases in Japanese people.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

The Relationship between Habitual Dietary Intake and Gut Microbiota in Young Japanese Women

Seura

Yoshino

Fukuwatari

2017

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, J Nutr Sci Vit

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“…Bacterial DNA was prepared as described previously [17]. In brief, bacterial DNA was extracted by enzymatic lysis using lysozyme (Sigma-Aldrich Co. LCC, Tokyo, Japan) and achromopeptidase (Wako).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, recent reports showed that the intestinal microbiome in the Japanese population is considerably different from those of other populations [17]. We already safely conducted FMT for Japanese patients with ulcerative colitis [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bifidobacterium-Rich Fecal Donor May Be a Positive Predictor for Successful Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Mizuno

Masaoka²,

Naganuma³

et al. 2017

Digestion

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284

110

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Background/Aims: Dysbiosis is associated with various systemic disorders including irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) might restore intestinal microbial balance. The study aimed to determine the safety and efficacy of FMT in IBS patients, as well as also positive predictors for FMT. Methods: This was a single-arm, open-label study. Eligible patients were diagnosed based on Rome III Diagnostic Criteria. Fecal materials were administered to the patient via colonoscopy. The primary end point was a change in the Bristol stool form scale at 4 weeks after FMT. Recovery to types 3-4 was considered a clinical response. The secondary end point was a change in intestinal microbiota and psychological status using the Hamilton Rating Scale. Results: Ten patients were enrolled. Six patients achieved a clinical response. The diversity of patients 4 weeks after FMT increased significantly compared with patients before FMT, and that of responding patients was significantly higher than non-responder patients. The abundance of Bifidobacterium in effective donors was significantly higher than in ineffective donors and patients. Psychological status of all patients was significantly improved after FMT. Conclusions: FMT for patients with IBS is safe, and relatively effective. Bifidobacterium-rich fecal donor may be a positive predictor for successful FMT. Key Summary: (1) Dysbiosis is associated with various gastrointestinal disorders including IBS. (2) FMT has potential to restore intestinal microbial balance. (3) We showed that FMT improved stool form and psychological status of IBS patients. (4) Bifidobacterium-rich donor efficiently induced symbiosis in IBS patients.

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“…he genus Bifidobacterium represents one of the major components of the intestinal microbiota of breastfed infants (1)(2)(3)(4)(5) while also typically constituting between 2% and 10% of the adult intestinal microbiota (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11). Bifidobacteria are saccharolytic microorganisms whose ability to colonize and survive in the large intestine is presumed to depend on the ability to metabolize complex carbohydrates present in this environment (12,13).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycosulfatase-Encoding Gene Cluster in Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003

Egan

Jiang

Motherway

et al. 2016

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Bifidobacteria constitute a specific group of commensal bacteria typically found in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of humans and other mammals. Bifidobacterium breve strains are numerically prevalent among the gut microbiota of many healthy breastfed infants. In the present study, we investigated glycosulfatase activity in a bacterial isolate from a nursling stool sample, B. breve UCC2003. Two putative sulfatases were identified on the genome of B. breve UCC2003. The sulfated monosaccharide N-acetylglucosamine-6-sulfate (GlcNAc-6-S) was shown to support the growth of B. breve UCC2003, while N-acetylglucosamine-3-sulfate, N-acetylgalactosamine-3-sulfate, and N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfate did not support appreciable growth. By using a combination of transcriptomic and functional genomic approaches, a gene cluster designated ats2 was shown to be specifically required for GlcNAc-6-S metabolism. Transcription of the ats2 cluster is regulated by a repressor open reading frame kinase (ROK) family transcriptional repressor. This study represents the first description of glycosulfatase activity within the Bifidobacterium genus. IMPORTANCEBifidobacteria are saccharolytic organisms naturally found in the digestive tract of mammals and insects. Bifidobacterium breve strains utilize a variety of plant-and host-derived carbohydrates that allow them to be present as prominent members of the infant gut microbiota as well as being present in the gastrointestinal tract of adults. In this study, we introduce a previously unexplored area of carbohydrate metabolism in bifidobacteria, namely, the metabolism of sulfated carbohydrates. B. breve UCC2003 was shown to metabolize N-acetylglucosamine-6-sulfate (GlcNAc-6-S) through one of two sulfatase-encoding gene clusters identified on its genome. GlcNAc-6-S can be found in terminal or branched positions of mucin oligosaccharides, the glycoprotein component of the mucous layer that covers the digestive tract. The results of this study provide further evidence of the ability of this species to utilize mucin-derived sugars, a trait which may provide a competitive advantage in both the infant gut and adult gut. The genus Bifidobacterium represents one of the major components of the intestinal microbiota of breastfed infants (1-5) while also typically constituting between 2% and 10% of the adult intestinal microbiota (6-11). Bifidobacteria are saccharolytic microorganisms whose ability to colonize and survive in the large intestine is presumed to depend on the ability to metabolize complex carbohydrates present in this environment (12, 13). Certain bifidobacterial species, including Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum, Bifidobacterium adolescentis, and Bifidobacterium breve, utilize a range of plant/diet-derived oligosaccharides such as raffinose, arabinoxylan, galactan, and cellodextrins (14-20). Bifidobacterial metabolism of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) is also well described, with the typically infant-derived species B. longum subsp. infantis and Bifidobacterium bifidum ...

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The gut microbiome of healthy Japanese and its microbial and functional uniqueness

Cited by 387 publications

References 47 publications

The Relationship between Habitual Dietary Intake and Gut Microbiota in Young Japanese Women

The Relationship between Habitual Dietary Intake and Gut Microbiota in Young Japanese Women

Bifidobacterium-Rich Fecal Donor May Be a Positive Predictor for Successful Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Glycosulfatase-Encoding Gene Cluster in Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003

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