The Gulf of Guayaquil and the Guayas River Estuary, Ecuador

Twilley, Robert R.; Cárdenas, Washington B.; Rivera‐Monroy, Victor H.; Espinoza, J.; Suescum, R. Trejos de; Armijos, Mariano Montaño; Solórzano, Lucia

doi:10.1007/978-3-662-04482-7_18

Cited by 44 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…It is the outcome ofThis platform, which begins on the island of Puna and extends up to 160 100 km into the Ecuadorian inland and up to an elevation of more than 6000 m, resulted from a major subsidence 161 phenomenon combined with an important sedimentary load of fluviomarine alluvia sediments from the estuary of 162 the river Guayas, which begins on the island of Puna and extends up to 100 km into the Ecuadorian inland and up to 163 an elevation of more than 6000 m. Today the sediments at the coring site are dominated by siliciclastic material, and 164 secondarily they contain marine biogenic carbonates (Mollier-Vogel et al, 2013). Sedimentary discharge into the Gulf 165 of Guayaquil is mainly linked to the Guayas River runoff, which integrates rainfall from a catchment located North 166 north of Guayaquil on the western flank of the Ecuadorian Andes (Twilley et al, 2001). The catchment area of this 167 river drains the 32.674 km 2 ( Fig.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Holocene land–sea climatic links on the equatorial Pacific coast (Bay of Guayaquil, Ecuador)

et al. 2015

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Abstract:We analyzed the pollen content of a marine core located near the bay of Guayaquil in Ecuador to document the link between sea surface temperatures (SST) and changes in rainfall regimes on the adjacent continent during the Holocene. Based on the expansion/regression of five vegetation types, we observe three successive climatic patterns. In the first phase, between 11,700 and 7700 cal yr BP, the presence of a cloud (Andean) forest in the mid altitudes and mangroves in the estuary of the Guayas Basin, were associated with a maximum in boreal summer insolation, a northernmost position of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), a land-sea thermal contrast, and dryness. Between 7700 and 2850 cal yr BP, the expansion of the coastal herbs and the regression of the mangrove indicate a drier climate with weak ITCZ and low ENSO variability while austral winter insolation gradually increased. The interval between 4200 and 2850 cal yr BP was marked by the coolest and driest climatic conditions of the Holocene due to the weak influence of the ITCZ and a strengthening of the Humboldt Current. After 2850 cal yr BP, high variability and amplitude of the Andean forest changes occurred when ENSO frequency and amplitude increased, indicating high variability in land-sea connections. The ITCZ reached the latitude of Guayaquil only after 2500 cal yr BP inducing the bimodal precipitation regime we observe today. Our study shows that besides insolation, the ITCZ position and ENSO frequency, changes in eastern equatorial Pacific SSTs play a major role in determining the composition of the ecosystems and the hydrological cycle of the Ecuadorian Pacific coast and the Western Cordillera in Ecuador. We analyzed the pollen content of a marine core located near the bay of Guayaquil in Ecuador to document the link 30

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confidence: 99%

Holocene land–sea climatic links on the equatorial Pacific coast (Bay of Guayaquil, Ecuador)

et al. 2015

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“…The basin of the Guayas River is the largest and drains an area of 32,800 km 2 . It is also the most significant source of freshwater in the Gulf [27,28].…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Hydrodynamic Models in the Determination of the Chart Datum Shape in a Tropical Estuary

Zapata

Puente

Garcı́a

et al. 2019

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Estuaries are transitional environments with ideal conditions for port construction and navigation. They represent a challenge to hydrographic services due to the dynamics of the seabed and the tidal wave deformation. The bottom slope, the convergence of the channels, and the nonlinear effects produced by the bottom friction produce variation in both the tidal range and the location of the chart datum (CD). In this study, sea level data series obtained from the nodes of the mesh of a hydrodynamic model (virtual tide gauges) were used to calculate the harmonic constituents, form factor, asymmetry, and estuary type. The final chart datum surface, obtained from the hydrodynamic model, was used to determine the separation values between zones and also the number of tidal zones in an estuarine system. It was found that in a complex hydrodynamics scenario, the use of the ellipsoidal referenced surveying (ERS) method is more convenient than traditional tidal zoning survey. In the ERS method, once the CD model is complete, it must be attached to the ellipsoid directly. Finally, the variation of the CD in different scenarios (due to anthropogenic action) was assessed.

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“…1) que se unen cerca de Guayaquil, la ciudad más grande de país Damanik-Ambarita2016. El río Guayas, el más grande de la costa occidental de Sudamérica, con un escurrimiento promedio anual de 1350m 3 /s (Twilley y col., 2001), tiene un canal principal recto que se bifurca en una red de canales fluviales que recorren 30 km de manglares y plani-…”

Section: Riesgos Naturalesunclassified

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2019

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The Gulf of Guayaquil and the Guayas River Estuary, Ecuador

Cited by 44 publications

References 12 publications

Holocene land–sea climatic links on the equatorial Pacific coast (Bay of Guayaquil, Ecuador)

Holocene land–sea climatic links on the equatorial Pacific coast (Bay of Guayaquil, Ecuador)

The Use of Hydrodynamic Models in the Determination of the Chart Datum Shape in a Tropical Estuary

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