The Growth of Dracaena draco -- Dragon's Blood Tree

Symon, DE

doi:10.5962/p.324713

Cited by 22 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…On the other hand, Dracaena includes monumental tree-like species [e.g. Dracaena draco (L.) L.] that have a direct economic impact on some African islands, where they act as tourist appeals (Symon, 1974). The emblematic 'dragon tree' (Dracaena draco) of Icod de los Vinos (Tenerife, Canary Islands) is perhaps the greatest exponent of its kind.…”

Section: Evolutionary Lineages and Usage Guildsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Connecting plant evolutionary history and human well-being at Mt. Kilimanjaro, Tanzania

Molina‐Venegas

Fischer

Mollel

et al. 2020

Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society

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Evolution is the source of all living organisms and hence the foundation for the ecosystem services that are directly supported by biodiversity. However, explicit connections between evolutionary history and human well-being are barely explored. Here, we focus on ethnobotanical data from Mt. Kilimanjaro (Tanzania) to identify significant associations between plant evolutionary lineages and six previously recognized usage guilds in the mountain (i.e. fodder, building material, fuelwood, food, ornamental/shading and traditional medicine), and further characterize the degree of phylogenetic overlap between the guilds using beta diversity metrics. In addition, we also explore how phylogenetic diversity of usage guilds varied along elevation and between natural and anthropized habitats. Our results suggest that the inhabitants of Mt. Kilimanjaro rely on multiple and deep lineages that specifically provide a certain type of service, supporting the notion that an increased number of lineages captures more current biodiversity benefits. However, we also found a few lineages that provided multiple benefits, indicating that particular efforts should be pursued in preserving individual multi-functional lineages of the phylogeny. Elevation was the most important factor explaining phylogenetic diversity of useful plants, whereas the effect of anthropogenic disturbance was comparatively weak. However, after controlling for the effect of elevation, a moderate negative effect of human disturbance was revealed, particularly for medicinal plants. Phylogenetic diversity of most guilds showed hump-shaped curves with elevation, revealing a major reservoir of useful plant lineages in the highly threatened montane forests of Mt. Kilimanjaro.

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Section: Evolutionary Lineages and Usage Guildsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Connecting plant evolutionary history and human well-being at Mt. Kilimanjaro, Tanzania

Molina‐Venegas

Fischer

Mollel

et al. 2020

Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society

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“…This was a flight that the Spanish pilots Ramón Franco (1896-1938), Eduardo González Gallarza (1898-1986, Julio Ruíz de Alda (1897), and Modesto Madariaga Almendros (1904-1974 tried to undertake across the North Atlantic in the summer of 1929 and that wrecked near the Azores (Algarbani Rodríguez 2014).…”

Section: Page 76mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Esta es una escultura de Afrodita que es una copia de la original que se encontró en la ruinas del antiguo teatro romano de Capua, Italia y que está en exhibición en el Museo Nacional Arqueológico de "reales" (vs "seudo-ramas" sensu Marie-Victorin) con crecimiento simpodial (Tomlinson y Zimmermann 1969;Symon 1974). Las inflorescencias solamente se desarrollan en los ápices de las ramas.…”

Section: Página 68unclassified

Brother Marie-Victorin in the Canary Islands in 1929

Francisco‐Ortega

Brouillet

Hall

et al. 2017

Webbia

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Table S1. Catalogue of photographs taken by Marie-Victorin in the Canary Islands. Photo description Black and white photo mounted in album Black and white mounted on cardboard Color plate number Publication reference Deck of Teide Steamer, trip from Cadiz to Las Palmas de Gran Canaria 1 top 1422 top left Deck of Teide Steamer, trip from Cadiz to Las Palmas de Gran Canaria 1 middle 1422 top right Tenerife. Santa Cruz. Harbor. Ship loading banana cases 1 bottom 1422 bottom left Tenerife. Santa Cruz. Cases with bananas 2 top 1422 bottom right Gran Canaria. Las Palmas. Alameda de Colón with sculpture honoring Christopher Columbus 2 middle 1423 top left Gran Canaria. Las Palmas. View of the city 2 bottom 1423 top right Gran Canaria. Las Palmas. Countryside view with Phoenix canariensis 3 top 1423 bottom left

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“…The age of a famous dragon’s blood tree was previously estimated to be several thousands of years ( Humboldt, 1814 ; Christ, 1886 ; Schenck, 1907 ). However, subsequent analysis of several of the largest trees concluded that their age was more likely to be several hundred years and that the flowering period varies from 10 years to several decades ( Pütter, 1925 ; Symon, 1974 ; Mägdefrau, 1975 ; Zheng et al., 2012 ; Maděra et al., 2018 ). According to previous research, the juvenile stages of D. cinnabari from seedling to first flowering can take 200–250 years or even more ( Maděra et al., 2018 ), thus demonstrating that this species takes an extremely long time to grow and mature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%