The growth hormone insulin‐like growth factor 1 axis in children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease and growth retardation

Wong, Sze Choong; Smyth, Arlene; McNeill, E; Galloway, Peter; Hassan, Kamal; McGrogan, Paraic; Ahmed, SF

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2010.03799.x

Cited by 49 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Children with chronic inflammatory diseases show elevation of a range of anti-and proinflammatory cytokines (Wong et al 2008). The systemic GH/IGF1 axis in these children can also show a range of abnormalities (Wong et al 2010). GH therapy has been used to improve the growth of children with chronic diseases (Wong et al 2007) and may alter systemic concentration of cytokines (Pagani et al 2005, Andiran & Yordam 2007.…”

Section: Clinical and Therapeutic Relevancementioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of GH and IGF1 on linear growth and skeletal development and their modulation by SOCS proteins

Ahmed¹,

Farquharson²

2010

Journal of Endocrinology

101

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Circulating signalling proteins have often been divided into hormones and cytokines, but it is increasingly being recognised that these substances have a number of common characteristics and mechanisms of action. This is clearly illustrated by the suppressor of cytokine signalling (SOCS) proteins which are increasingly seen as a central component of the regulation of the action of hormones and cytokines that signal through the cytokine receptor complex. The SOCS protein family is probably more extensive than currently recognised; its members may have differential tissue expression and their potency for suppressing cytokine signalling may vary. Recent knockout and transgenic studies in mice have highlighted the role that these proteins play in growth and skeletal development as well as in inflammation. Chronic inflammation is associated with altered growth and skeletal development, and it is possible that SOCS proteins may have an important role to play in mediating these effects.

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Section: Clinical and Therapeutic Relevancementioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of GH and IGF1 on linear growth and skeletal development and their modulation by SOCS proteins

Ahmed¹,

Farquharson²

2010

Journal of Endocrinology

101

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“…1). Cytokines and GC impair systemic endocrine factors which regulate longitudinal bone growth via a reduction in secretion and sensitivity of the growth hormone (GH)/insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) axis and gonadal function [8,9]. A critical contributor to bone accrual is sex steroid, as bone mass increases by approximately 30-50% during pubertal development [10].…”

Section: Pathophysiology Of Secondary Osteoporosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Skeletal Fragility in Children with Chronic Disease

2016

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Skeletal fragility associated with underlying childhood chronic disease is a systemic disorder of poor bone growth and reduction in bone turnover which can lead to abnormal bone mass, geometry and microarchitecture. Due to the growth potential unique to children, remarkable bone recovery following a transient threat to the bone can occur if there is concurrent growth. Addressing bone health in these children should focus on improvement in growth, puberty and removing the primary insult. In conditions where there is a little scope for bone recovery and limited residual growth, bone-targeted therapy may need to be considered, even though there is currently limited evidence. The importance of early detection of signs of bone fragility, by active screening for vertebral fracture using newer imaging techniques such as dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry lateral vertebral morphometry, may now be possible. There is currently, a paucity of evidence to support prophylactic use of anti-resorptive therapy. Where poor growth and low bone turnover are seen, the use of growth-promoting therapies and anabolic bone-protective agents may be more physiological and should be evaluated in well-designed trials. Collaborative studies on long-term fracture outcome and well-designed trials of bone-protective therapies are needed and to be encouraged.

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“…Recently, it has been suggested that the difference may be related to an abnormality of the GH-IGF1 axis: IGF1 and IGFBP3 z-scores were lower in males than in females with CD and that this difference may be mediated through an effect of inflammation on gonadal function [23]. Functional defects of the GH and IGF-1 axis are common in children with IBD [24]. Given that sex steroids are important for stimulating GH secretion [25] and raising systemic IGF-1 levels, it is possible that the attenuated IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 levels are simply a marker of hypogonadism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Inflammatory Bowel Disease on Pubertal Growth

et al. 2011

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Background: Puberty is thought to be commonly affected in adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Aims: To determine the impact of Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) on the pubertal growth spurt. Methods: Retrospective study of 30 boys with CD (CD-M), 11 girls with CD (CD-F), 14 boys with UC (UC-M) and 12 girls with UC (UC-F). Pubertal growth was assessed by calculating peak height velocity SDS (PHV SDS), height SDS at diagnosis (Ht_Diag) and height SDS at PHV (Ht_PHV) and age at PHV (Age_PHV). Systemic markers of disease activity were also collected. Results: Altered parameters of pubertal growth were observed in the CD groups compared to the normal population: in the CD-M group, median Ht_Diag was –0.56 (p = 0.001) and median Age_PHV was 14.45 years (p = 0.004), and in the CD-F group, median Ht_Diag was –1.14 (p = 0.007) and Ht_PHV was –0.79 (p = 0.039). Individually, 8/30 CD-M cases had one or more parameter affected: 2 boys had Ht_Diag<–2, 3 boys had Ht_PHV <–2, 2 boys had an Age_PHV >2 years above population mean, and 2 boys had a PHV SDS <–2. In the whole group, Age_PHV showed an association with erythrocyte sedimentation rate (r = 0.4; p = 0.005) and an inverse association with BMI (r = 0.4; p = 0.001). Conclusion: Disorders of pubertal growth are more likely to occur in CD and, particularly, in boys.

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The growth hormone insulin‐like growth factor 1 axis in children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease and growth retardation

Cited by 49 publications

References 39 publications

The effect of GH and IGF1 on linear growth and skeletal development and their modulation by SOCS proteins

The effect of GH and IGF1 on linear growth and skeletal development and their modulation by SOCS proteins

Skeletal Fragility in Children with Chronic Disease

Impact of Inflammatory Bowel Disease on Pubertal Growth

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