The growth hormone and insulin‐like growth factor 1 axis in cattle during the peri‐ovulatory period activates the synthesis and release of oviductal contraction related substances

Abstract

Growth hormone (GH) and insulin‐like growth factor 1 (IGF1) are crucial for female reproductive functions. The cyclic regulation of the local GH/IGF1 axis in the oviduct and its involvement in oviductal contraction in cattle has not been investigated. Thus, the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression for GH receptor (GHR), IGF1, IGF1 receptor (IGF1R) in the whole oviducts, as well as in cultured bovine oviductal epithelial cells (BOECs) were evaluated. The GHR, IGF1, and IGF1R mRNA expression was significantly higher during postovulatory phase. The luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol‐17β (E2), and LH + E2 treatments significantly increased GHR and IGF1 mRNA expression in cultured BOECs. Further, GH and combination of GH with LH and E2 upregulated IGF1 mRNA expression in the BOECs. Moreover, IGF1 + LH and combined IGF1 + LH + E2 treatments significantly increased prostaglandin synthesis cascade enzyme mRNA expression in the BOECs. An ex vivo microdialysis assay revealed that GH and IGF1 induced the release of oviductal contraction related prostaglandins, endothelin‐1, and angiotensin II in follicular and postovulatory phases. Together, the findings strongly suggest that the presence of the active GH/IGF1 axis during the peri‐ovulatory period, regulating the local system for the release of oviductal contraction related substances, which may provide the optimal oviductal environment for gametes and early embryo.

An update on hormonal regulation of early embryo-fallopian tube interactions: insights for improvements of assisted reproductive technology outcomes

“…Therefore, research on the establishment of an in vitro cell and tissue culture-based model mimicking the 3-dimensional (3D) structure of FTs awaits advancement of co-culture techniques and equipment for functional study as well as further discoveries are needs of the hour. The use of a microfluidic chamber could be further explored for the establishment of a 3D FT model for a TEP study [10] , where whole oviduct organ culture with microdialysis has revealed more details in other animals like bovines [11] . However, available little data confirm the existence of menstrual cycle-dependent human tubal luminal secretions [12] .…”

“…PGs act through G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR), including four subtypes of PGE receptor (EP) (EP 1 , EP 2 , EP 3 , EP 4 ), PGF receptor (FP), PGI 2 receptor (IP), and PGD 2 receptor (DP) isoforms DP 1 and DP 2 [50,51] . Additionally, PGI 2 may act through a nuclear peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-δ (PPAR-δ) [11] . Empirical evidence exists for the role of PGs in the human FT [52][53][54][55][56][57] .…”

Construction of a high-density genetic linkage map and QTL mapping of growth and cold tolerance traits in Takifugu fasciatus

“…IGF1 has a speci c growth hormone-binding receptor protein (IGFBP) and a growth hormone-binding receptor protein with speci c play IGF receptor, a supernatural endocrine growth hormone and an endocrine and paracrine growth regulator of its own [28,29]. The role of IGF1 in growth has been relatively well studied, with the main focus on livestock [30], and relatively little research and reporting in aquaculture. Davis et al and others studied polymorphisms in the IGF1 gene and found that this gene polymorphism had a signi cant effect on weight gain and milk yield growth in cows [31].…”