The Grown in Wales Study: Examining dietary patterns, custom birthweight centiles and the risk of delivering a small-for-gestational age (SGA) infant

Garay, Samantha M.; Savory, Katrina A.; Sumption, Lorna A.; Penketh, Richard; Janssen, Anna B.; Roshan, John

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0213412

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(52 reference statements)

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“…Lifestyle variables included in the analysis were exercise (defined as exercise for at least 30 min, at least once a week), smoking (tobacco), alcohol intake and dietary patterns during pregnancy. The specific dietary patterns were Western and Health Conscious, with the method of obtaining these dietary patterns previously outlined in detail [ 20 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for excessive gestational weight gain in a UK population: a biopsychosocial model approach

Garay

Sumption

Pearson

et al. 2021

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

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Background Gestational weight gain (GWG) can have implications for the health of both mother and child. However, the contributing factors remain unclear. Despite the advantages of using a biopsychosocial approach, this approach has not been applied to study GWG in the UK. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors of excessive GWG in a UK population, employing a biopsychosocial model. Methods This study utilised data from the longitudinal Grown in Wales (GiW) cohort, which recruited women in late pregnancy in South Wales. Specifically, data was collected from midwife recorded notes and an extensive questionnaire completed prior to an elective caesarean section (ELCS) delivery. GWG was categorised according to Institute of Medicine (IOM) guidelines. The analysis was undertaken for 275 participants. Results In this population 56.0% of women had excessive GWG. Increased prenatal depression symptoms (Exp(B)=1.10, p=.019) and an overweight (Exp(B)=4.16, p<.001) or obese (Exp(B)=4.20, p=.010) pre-pregnancy BMI, consuming alcohol in pregnancy (Exp(B)=.37, p=.005) and an income of less than £18,000 (Exp(B)=.24, p=.043) and £25–43,000 (Exp(B)=.25, p=.002) were associated with excessive GWG. Conclusion GWG is complex and influenced by a range of biopsychosocial factors, with the high prevalence of excessive weight gain in this population a cause for concern. Women in the UK may benefit from a revised approach toward GWG within the National Health Service (NHS), such as tracking weight gain throughout pregnancy. Additionally, this research provides evidence for potential targets for future interventions, and potentially at-risk populations to target, to improve GWG outcomes.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for excessive gestational weight gain in a UK population: a biopsychosocial model approach

Garay

Sumption

Pearson

et al. 2021

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

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“…After the removal of duplicates, 4.918 article titles and abstracts were screened. Of these, 151 full-text articles were further assessed for eligibility and, finally, 61 studies [ 4 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 ,…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The included studies were conducted in Africa [ 50 , 51 ], Asia [ 19 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 ], America [ 4 , 18 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 89 ], Europe [ 20 , 21 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 , …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding the exposure to UPF-rich diet consumption, seventeen articles assessed Western Diet Pattern (characterized by the presence of unhealthy foods such as savory and sweet snacks, cakes, cookies, desserts, refined grains, processed meats, fast foods, confectionaries and soft drinks) [ 20 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 51 , 57 , 62 , 67 , 68 , 71 , 80 , 83 , 85 ]; the intake of sweetened beverages was explored in twelve articles [ 46 , 49 , 52 , 56 , 64 , 70 , 72 , 73 , 75 , 78 , 79 , 82 ]; and specific manufactured food groups including UPF were analyzed in twelve articles [ 4 , 18 , 22 , 43 , 44 , 55 , 59 , 60 , 76 , 81 , 89 ]. In addition, studies also reported maternal consumption of junk foods [ 50 , 87 ], processed meats [ 65 , 69 ], snacks [ 61 , 84 ], industrial sweets [ 21 ...…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maternal Consumption of Ultra-Processed Foods-Rich Diet and Perinatal Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2022

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The consumption of ultra-processed food (UPF)-rich diets represents a potential threat to human health. Considering maternal diet adequacy during pregnancy is a major determinant for perinatal health outcomes, this study aimed to systematically review and meta-analyze studies investigating the association between maternal consumption of a UPF-rich diet and perinatal outcomes. Conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, five electronic databases and gray literature using Google Scholar and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global were searched up to 31 May 2022. No restrictions were applied on language and publication date. Two reviewers independently conducted the study selection and data extraction process. Meta-analysis was conducted according to the random-effects model. In total, 61 studies were included in the systematic review and the overall population comprised 698,803 women from all gestational trimesters. Meta-analysis of cohort studies showed that maternal consumption of UPF-rich diets was associated with an increased risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (odds ratio (OR): 1.48; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.17, 1.87) and preeclampsia (OR: 1.28; 95% CI: 1.15, 1.42). Neonatal outcomes showed no association. The overall GRADE quality of the evidence for the associations was very low. The findings highlight the need to monitor and reduce UPF consumption, specifically during the gestational period, as a strategy to prevent adverse perinatal outcomes.

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“…Participants in C6 tended to create a group with distinct dietary features—higher contribution from core foods of the Greek cuisine—and a distinct image resampling of the “Mediterranean”-, “Health Conscious”- or “Prudent”-type diet [ 27 , 30 , 31 , 39 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 ]; however, the assessment of dietary behavior became more complicated in C1–C5. Although, at first glance, women in C1–C5 shared common dietary characteristics with the previously identified patterns of the “Occidental”-, “Western”-, “Processed”- or “Unhealthy”-type diet [ 17 , 27 , 30 , 31 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 ], the diet quality differed among these clusters, as reflected overall in the a priori indexes calculated herein. The pronounced preference of participants in C3 and C4 for sweets and soft drink beverages was also in agreement with the “Snack-type” pattern identified in Greek adult women by Karageorgou et al [ 49 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Framework of Methodology to Assess the Link between A Posteriori Dietary Patterns and Nutritional Adequacy: Application to Pregnancy

et al. 2022

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This study aimed to explore the nutritional profile of 608 women during the second trimester of pregnancy, in terms of nutrient patterns, dietary quality and nutritional adequacy. Dietary data were collected using a validated Mediterranean-oriented, culture-specific FFQ. Principal component analysis was performed on 18 energy-adjusted nutrients. Two main nutrient patterns, “plant-origin” (PLO) and “animal-origin” (ANO), were extracted. Six homogenous clusters (C) relative to nutrient patterns were obtained and analyzed through a multidimensional methodological approach. C1, C5 and C6 scored positively on PLO, while C1, C2 and C3 scored positively on ANO. When dietary quality was mapped on food choices and dietary indexes, C6 unveiled a group with a distinct image resembling the Mediterranean-type diet (MedDiet Score = 33.8). Although C1–C5 shared common dietary characteristics, their diet quality differed as reflected in the HEI-2010 (C1:79.7; C2:73.3; C3:70.9; C4:63.2; C5:76.6). The appraisal of nutritional adequacy mirrored a “nutritional-quality gradient”. A total of 50% of participants in C6 had almost 100% adequate magnesium intake, while 50% of participants in C4 had a probability of adequacy of ≤10%. Our methodological framework is efficient for assessing the link between a posteriori dietary patterns and nutritional adequacy during pregnancy. Given that macro- and micronutrient distributions may induce metabolic modifications of potential relevance to offspring’s health, public health strategies should be implemented.

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The Grown in Wales Study: Examining dietary patterns, custom birthweight centiles and the risk of delivering a small-for-gestational age (SGA) infant

Cited by 6 publications

References 41 publications

Risk factors for excessive gestational weight gain in a UK population: a biopsychosocial model approach

Risk factors for excessive gestational weight gain in a UK population: a biopsychosocial model approach

Maternal Consumption of Ultra-Processed Foods-Rich Diet and Perinatal Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Framework of Methodology to Assess the Link between A Posteriori Dietary Patterns and Nutritional Adequacy: Application to Pregnancy

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