The groupuscularization of neo-Nazism in Germany: the case of the Aktionsbüro Norddeutschland

Virchow, Fabian

doi:10.1080/0031322032000185587

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…34 The Kamaradschaft Süd (Southern Comradeship) in Bavaria has emerged as another of the most infamous groups, which has been involved in a litany of activities and offences from racial attacks to attempts to bomb a Munich synagogue in 2003. 35 One other very noticeable development to be noted is that in an effort to disseminate their message and attract recruits neo-Nazi groups have seized upon the possibilities of the Internet revolution in the course of the last decade. Neo-Nazism possesses its own technical whiz-kids who have devised and maintain an increasing number of sites.…”

Section: -2003mentioning

confidence: 97%

Much More Than a Phantom Menace! Assessing the Character, Level and Threat of Neo-Nazi Violence in Germany, 1977–2003

McGowan

2006

Journal of Contemporary European Studies

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Acts of politically motivated violence and terrorism have troubled many European states since the end of the 1960s. A general consensus holds that the most serious dangers and levels of politically motivated violent crime in the last three decades emanated from the left of the political spectrum, while those from the right were often downplayed or underestimated. Why and to what extent did and does far right violence constitute any significant danger? Can such violence be classified and who are the perpetrators? This article sheds light on such questions and focuses specifically on events in Germany where the violence stems largely from an array of small and explicitly neo-Nazi organizations. The article makes a clear distinction between the violent (and under-researched) offences of the self-styled neo-Nazi groups and the activities (which have been well documented) of the larger right-wing extremist political parties, namely Republikaner, Nationaldemokratische Partei Deutschlands (NPD) and Deutsche Volksunion (DVU). Neo-Nazi inspired violence came to typify a particularly offensive and alarming feature of German society in the years immediately following unification in 1990, but it was far from new. This article explores militant neo-Nazism and seeks to provide an assessment of this most extreme variant of right-wing extremism since it emerged in its current form in the late 1970s until the end of 2003. In doing so, it accounts briefly for the origins of militant neo-Nazism and its key personalities before turning to chart the neo-Nazi propensity towards violence and even flirtations on occasions with terrorist-style activities. It explores the targets of neo-Nazism and its motivations before giving consideration to how the state has responded to this menace.

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Section: -2003mentioning

confidence: 97%

Much More Than a Phantom Menace! Assessing the Character, Level and Threat of Neo-Nazi Violence in Germany, 1977–2003

McGowan

2006

Journal of Contemporary European Studies

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“…Det finns ingen brist på definitioner av, och teorier om, sociala rörelser per se eller frågan huruvida man kan tala om sociala rörelser när det gäller vissa extrema eller radikala grupper (till exempel högerextrema, jihadister, radikala miljöaktivister) (Dalgaard-Nielsen 2008;della Porta 1995della Porta och 2013Ezekiel 2002;Koopmans & Rucht 1996;McVeigh m.fl. 2004;Pfahl-Traughber 2003;Sageman 2008;Virchow 2004;Zeskind 2009).…”

Section: Vad äR "Radikala Sociala Rörelser"?unclassified

Högerextrem terrorism och ultramilitans som gruppfenomen? Gruppens inverkan i högerextrema radikaliseringsprocesser

Köhler¹

2016

ATfS

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Högerextrem terrorism och ultramilitans som gruppfenomen? Gruppens inverkan i högerextrema radikaliseringsprocesser Daniel Köhler sammandrag: Daniel Köhlers artikel utvecklar en teoretisk modell för att förklara radikalisering genom att se till de interaktionsmekanismer som binder samman radikala sociala rörelser med deras omgivande samhällen och deras övergripande samhällsvisioner eller "målsamhällen" (Zielgesellschaften). Detta i syfte att identifiera och kontextualisera de relevanta grupprelaterade faktorer och mekanismer som är verksamma i sådana processer. Modellen bygger på resultat från den tyska högerextrema miljön men är också tillämpbar på andra, religiösa och politiska, radikala miljöer. Interaktionsteorins kärna, det "radikala kontrastsamhället", utgörs av de radikala sociala rörelsernas ideologi och infrastruktur, deras interna hierarkier och samhällsvisioner. De specifika mekanismerna bakom såväl individuella som grupprelaterade radikaliseringsprocesser förklaras mot bakgrund av kontrastsamhällets enskilda element. nyckelord: högerextrem terrorism; radikalisering; radikal miljö; radikala sociala rörelser; militans; interaktionsmodell; motkultur. publiceringshistorik: Översättning av artikeln "Rechtsextremer Terrorismus und Ultra-Militanz als Gruppenphänomen? Der Einfluss der Gruppe auf rechtsextreme Radikalisierungsprozesse" från Zeitschrift für Internationale Strafrechtsdogmatik, nr 9 2014. daniel köhler är chef för German Institute on Radicalization and De-radicalization Studies (GIRDS).

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“…Only ninety‐three of these events were organised by the NPD, which is evidence of the importance of the Kameradschaften . Little is known about these events, and research indicates that they take place almost every weekend, sometimes simultaneously in different cities, with 255 neo‐Nazis participating per event on average (Virchow : 60).…”

Section: Neo‐nazi Movement and The Genesis Of The Autonomous Nationalmentioning

confidence: 99%

The devil in disguise: action repertoire, visual performance and collective identity of the Autonomous Nationalists

Schedler

2014

Nations and Nationalism

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Adopting protest tactics and visual performance of the far left, many neo‐Nazis in Europe, particularly in Germany, have developed a new style. Referencing their political opponents, the far‐left Autonomous Movement, they call themselves the Autonomous Nationalists. Though this new style caused intense conflicts in the beginning, Autonomous Nationalists have gained strong influence in the neo‐Nazi movement. What drives neo‐Nazis to adopt tactics such as ‘black blocs’ and certain symbols and dress of their political enemies? Based on movement's documents, semi‐structured interviews and observing demonstrations, this article uses empirical data to identify central dimensions of the Autonomous Nationalist's action repertoire and visual performance and their impact on the neo‐Nazi movement's collective identity. The analysis of external and internal effects reveals that the shift in public appearance strengthened the movement's mobilization potential, but otherwise decreased ideological internalisation and may increase the turnover of activists.

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The groupuscularization of neo-Nazism in Germany: the case of the Aktionsbüro Norddeutschland

Cited by 18 publications

References 0 publications

Much More Than a Phantom Menace! Assessing the Character, Level and Threat of Neo-Nazi Violence in Germany, 1977–2003

Much More Than a Phantom Menace! Assessing the Character, Level and Threat of Neo-Nazi Violence in Germany, 1977–2003

Högerextrem terrorism och ultramilitans som gruppfenomen? Gruppens inverkan i högerextrema radikaliseringsprocesser

The devil in disguise: action repertoire, visual performance and collective identity of the Autonomous Nationalists

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