The groundwater–land-surface–atmosphere connection: Soil moisture effects on the atmospheric boundary layer in fully-coupled simulations

Maxwell, R. M.; Chow, Fotini Katopodes; Kollet, Stefan

doi:10.1016/j.advwatres.2007.05.018

Cited by 246 publications

(237 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…As noted above the raison d'être of land models is to provide the lower boundary condition for the atmosphere, so the interest here is the extent to which the different model implementations of groundwater affect soil moisture dynamics and land-atmosphere fluxes [Maxwell et al, 2007;Maxwell and Kollet, 2008b]. Interestingly, with the notable exception of the Catchment model , none of the TOPMO-DEL implementations represent the impact of subgrid variability in water table depth on soil moisture dynamics.…”

Section: 1002/2015wr017096mentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the representation of hydrologic processes in Earth System Models

Clark

Fan

Lawrence

et al. 2015

Water Resources Research

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452

404

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Many of the scientific and societal challenges in understanding and preparing for global environmental change rest upon our ability to understand and predict the water cycle change at large river basin, continent, and global scales. However, current large-scale land models (as a component of Earth System Models, or ESMs) do not yet reflect the best hydrologic process understanding or utilize the large amount of hydrologic observations for model testing. This paper discusses the opportunities and key challenges to improve hydrologic process representations and benchmarking in ESM land models, suggesting that (1) land model development can benefit from recent advances in hydrology, both through incorporating key processes (e.g., groundwater-surface water interactions) and new approaches to describe multiscale spatial variability and hydrologic connectivity; (2) accelerating model advances requires comprehensive hydrologic benchmarking in order to systematically evaluate competing alternatives, understand model weaknesses, and prioritize model development needs, and (3) stronger collaboration is needed between the hydrology and ESM modeling communities, both through greater engagement of hydrologists in ESM land model development, and through rigorous evaluation of ESM hydrology performance in research watersheds or Critical Zone Observatories. Such coordinated efforts in advancing hydrology in ESMs have the potential to substantially impact energy, carbon, and nutrient cycle prediction capabilities through the fundamental role hydrologic processes play in regulating these cycles.

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Section: 1002/2015wr017096mentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the representation of hydrologic processes in Earth System Models

Clark

Fan

Lawrence

et al. 2015

Water Resources Research

Self Cite

452

404

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“…Liang et al 2003;Yeh and Eltahir 2005;Stöckli et al 2008) and through coupling with an explicit ground water model (e.g. York et al 2005, Maxwell andMiller 2005;Maxwell et al 2007). …”

Section: Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of a WRF dynamical downscaling simulation over California

et al. 2009

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This paper presents results from a 40 year Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) based dynamical downscaling experiment performed at 12 km horizontal grid spacing, centered on the state of California, and forced by a 1 • × 1.25 • finite-volume current-climate Community Climate System Model ver. 3 (CCSM3) simulation. In-depth comparisons between modeled and observed regional-average precipitation, 2 m temperature, and snowpack are performed. The regional model reproduces the spatial distribution of precipitation quite well, but substantially overestimates rainfall along windward slopes. This is due to strong overprediction of precipitation intensity; precipitation frequency is actually underpredicted by the model. Moisture fluxes impinging on the coast seem to be well-represented over California, implying that precipitation bias is caused by processes internal to WRF. Positive-definite moisture advection and use of the Grell cumulus parameterization result in some decrease in precipitation bias, but other sources are needed to explain the full bias magnitude. Surface temperature is well simulated in all seasons except summer, when overly-dry soil moisture results in a several degree warm bias in both CCSM3 and WRF. Additionally, coastal temperatures appear to be too warm due to a coastal sea surface temperature bias inherited from CCSM3. Modeled snowfall/snowmelt agrees quite well with observations, but snow water equivalent is found to be much too low due to monthly reinitialization of all regional model fields from CCSM3 values.

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“…It is argued that the coupled modeling approach has the advantage of including the soil moisture redistribution feedback in the lower boundary conditions of atmospheric models, which may lead to an improved representation of water and energy fluxes between land and atmosphere (Maxwell et al 2011;Shrestha et al 2014;Senatore et al 2015;Arnault et al 2016;Wagner et al 2016). Maxwell et al (2007) showed that the fully coupled modeling system yields a topographically driven soil moisture distribution and depicts a spatial and temporal correlations between surface and lower atmospheric variables and water depth. This may suggest that the fully coupled models are regulated by the geographical location of the area under study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Joint atmospheric-terrestrial water balances for East Africa: a WRF-Hydro case study for the upper Tana River basin

Kerandi

Arnault

Laux

et al. 2017

Theor Appl Climatol

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For an improved understanding of the hydrometeorological conditions of the Tana River basin of Kenya, East Africa, its joint atmospheric-terrestrial water balances are investigated. This is achieved through the application of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) and the fully coupled WRF-Hydro modeling system over the MathioyaSagana subcatchment (3279 km 2 ) and its surroundings in the upper Tana River basin for 4 years (2011)(2012)(2013)(2014). The model setup consists of an outer domain at 25 km (East Africa) and an inner one at 5-km (Mathioya-Sagana subcatchment) horizontal resolution. The WRF-Hydro inner domain is enhanced with hydrological routing at 500-m horizontal resolution. The results from the fully coupled modeling system are compared to those of the WRF-only model. The coupled WRF-Hydro slightly reduces precipitation, evapotranspiration, and the soil water storage but increases runoff. The total precipitation from March to May and October to December for WRF-only (974 mm/year) and coupled WRF-Hydro (940 mm/year) is closer to that derived from the Climate Hazards Group Infrared Precipitation with Stations (CHIRPS) data (989 mm/year) than from the TRMM (795 mm/year) precipitation product. The coupled WRF-Hydro-accumulated discharge (323 mm/year) is close to that observed (333 mm/ year). However, the coupled WRF-Hydro underestimates the observed peak flows registering low but acceptable NSE (0.02) and RSR (0.99) at daily time step. The precipitation recycling and efficiency measures between WRF-only and coupled WRF-Hydro are very close and small. This suggests that most of precipitation in the region comes from moisture advection from the outside of the analysis domain, indicating a minor impact of potential land-precipitation feedback mechanisms in this case. The coupled WRF-Hydro nonetheless serves as a tool in quantifying the atmospheric-terrestrial water balance in this region.

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The groundwater–land-surface–atmosphere connection: Soil moisture effects on the atmospheric boundary layer in fully-coupled simulations

Cited by 246 publications

References 53 publications

Improving the representation of hydrologic processes in Earth System Models

Improving the representation of hydrologic processes in Earth System Models

Evaluation of a WRF dynamical downscaling simulation over California

Joint atmospheric-terrestrial water balances for East Africa: a WRF-Hydro case study for the upper Tana River basin

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