The Groningen Case: When Science Becomes Part of the Problem, Not the Solution

Sintubin, Manuel

doi:10.1785/0220180203

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Vital technological activities may have to cease without mitigation of the accompanying hazards. This is a particularly sensitive topic in the densely populated areas of Europe where such technological activities often take place close to inhabited areas 13,14 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An open data infrastructure for the study of anthropogenic hazards linked to georesource exploitation

et al. 2020

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Mining, water-reservoir impoundment, underground gas storage, geothermal energy exploitation and hydrocarbon extraction have the potential to cause rock deformation and earthquakes, which may be hazardous for people, infrastructure and the environment. Restricted access to data constitutes a barrier to assessing and mitigating the associated hazards. thematic Core Service anthropogenic Hazards (tCS aH) of the European Plate Observing System (EPOS) provides a novel e-research infrastructure. the core of this infrastructure, the IS-EPOS Platform (tcs.ah-epos.eu) connected to international data storage nodes offers open access to large grouped datasets (here termed episodes), comprising geoscientific and associated data from industrial activity along with a large set of embedded applications for their efficient data processing, analysis and visualization. The novel team-working features of the IS-EPOS Platform facilitate collaborative and interdisciplinary scientific research, public understanding of science, citizen science applications, knowledge dissemination, data-informed policymaking and the teaching of anthropogenic hazards related to georesource exploitation. tCS aH is one of 10 thematic core services forming EPOS, a solid earth science European Research Infrastructure Consortium (ERIC) (www.epos-ip.org).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An open data infrastructure for the study of anthropogenic hazards linked to georesource exploitation

et al. 2020

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“…In 1959, the Slochteren gas field was discovered. Located in the province of Groningen, it turned out to be one of the largest gas fields of the world (Sintubin, 2018(Sintubin, , p. 2001. The new source of income was an unexpected gift to a poor country still rebuilding its war-torn society.…”

Section: Incubation: Increasingly Dependent On a Financial Bonanzamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 All the infrastructure was designed for Groningen gas, which is characterized as low calorific. High calorific gas from Russia, or Norway must be treated with nitrogen first, before it is compatible with the gas infrastructure (Mulder & Perey, 2018, p. 11;Sintubin, 2018Sintubin, , p. 2002.…”

Section: Incubation: Increasingly Dependent On a Financial Bonanzamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In these scenarios, an M5 earthquake would strike the region. The scenarios fueled feelings of insecurity among residents (Sintubin, 2018(Sintubin, , p. 2005Vlek, 2019Vlek, , p. 1073. In hindsight, we can see that this was the period during which the NAM slowly began to lose its "social license"-or legitimacy-to drill.…”

Section: A Trigger Event: Arrival On the Political Agendamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Earthquakes in Groningen: Organized Suppression of a Creeping Crisis

Verdoes

Boin

2021

Understanding the Creeping Crisis

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Natural earthquakes do not occur in the northern part of the Netherlands. Yet, small earthquakes have regularly struck the area since the 1980s. For a long time, it was denied that these earthquakes were caused by the extraction of gas in the area and that these earthquakes could cause any damage. When more, and more severe, earthquakes struck the province of Groningen, these claims became unsustainable. In 2012, a relatively strong earthquake hit the area and the earthquakes became a national policy issue that threatened the legitimacy of the state. The crisis lingered on until 2018 when the national government finally realized that prolonged extraction would cause a deep crisis and decided to terminate the extraction of gas well before the depletion of the field. We argue that this visible and enduring crisis was not recognized and sufficiently addressed because of a societal dependency on the extraction of gas. The crisis was actively suppressed by the main actors, which ultimately undermined the legitimacy of the gas production and the state.

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“…In the 28 years since the gas was extracted in 1991, there have been approximately 320 earthquakes with M > 1.5, including 3 M≈3.5 earthquakes. These growing seismic events have caused widespread building damage, social concern and political upheaval (Sintubin, 2018;Vlek, 2018Vlek, , 2019a. Moderate magnitude earthquakes (4.5 ≤ M < 6) may threaten public safety and cause heavy economic losses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Injection-Induced Seismic Risk Management Using Machine Learning Methodology – A Perspective Study

2020

Front. Earth Sci.

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Effective identification of induced seismicity and real-time management of seismic risks are hot topics due to increasing induced seismicity in areas related to energy exploitation. Existing decision-making tool for managing seismic risks, known as the traffic light system, is not robust enough. To meet the increasing needs for safe mining of energy at production sites, finding an advanced and efficient method to improve the traffic light system is essential. In recent years, machine learning, an advanced inductive and analytical method, has been widely used in seismology. In this context, research gaps associated with the identification and management of induced seismicity, as well as the current achievements of machine learning in addressing induced seismicity problems, are reviewed. A basic framework of using machine learning method to optimize the traffic light system in the industrial production process is first proposed. Then, its feasibility and rationality are demonstrated by similar cases. This framework may provide a reference for the development of a risk-based adaptive traffic light management system.

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The Groningen Case: When Science Becomes Part of the Problem, Not the Solution

Cited by 7 publications

References 19 publications

An open data infrastructure for the study of anthropogenic hazards linked to georesource exploitation

An open data infrastructure for the study of anthropogenic hazards linked to georesource exploitation

Earthquakes in Groningen: Organized Suppression of a Creeping Crisis

Injection-Induced Seismic Risk Management Using Machine Learning Methodology – A Perspective Study

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