The greening ashore

Schreiber, Mona; Rensing, Stefan A.; Gould, Sven B.

doi:10.1016/j.tplants.2022.05.005

Cited by 11 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 86 publications

(108 reference statements)

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“…The first full zygnematophycean genomes of Spirogloea muscicola and Mesotaenium endlicherianum have been published just recently, as well as a draft genome of Penium margaritaceum ( Cheng et al, 2019 ; Jiao et al, 2020 ). Recent studies have also shown that Zygnematophyceae possess hallmark genes (e.g., GRAS , PYR/PYL/RCAR , and plastid-associated genes) also involved in the stress response of land plants ( de Vries et al, 2018 ; Cheng et al, 2019 ; Schreiber et al, 2022 ). Moreover, they are the only members of the charophycean green algae (CGA group), with land-plant cellulose synthase orthologs ( Fitzek et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Streptophyte Green Algae and The Origin Of Land Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature- and light stress adaptations in Zygnematophyceae: The challenges of a semi-terrestrial lifestyle

2022

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Streptophyte green algae comprise the origin of land plants and therefore life on earth as we know it today. While terrestrialization opened new habitats, leaving the aquatic environment brought additional abiotic stresses. More-drastic temperature shifts and high light levels are major abiotic stresses in semi-terrestrial habitats, in addition to desiccation, which has been reviewed elsewhere. Zygnematophyceae, a species-rich class of streptophyte green algae, is considered a sister-group to embryophytes. They have developed a variety of avoidance and adaptation mechanisms to protect against temperature extremes and high radiation in the form of photosynthetically active and ultraviolet radiation (UV) radiation occurring on land. Recently, knowledge of transcriptomic and metabolomic changes as consequences of these stresses has become available. Land-plant stress-signaling pathways producing homologs of key enzymes have been described in Zygnematophyceae. An efficient adaptation strategy is their mat-like growth habit, which provides self-shading and protects lower layers from harmful radiation. Additionally, Zygnematophyceae possess phenolic compounds with UV-screening ability. Resting stages such as vegetative pre-akinetes tolerate freezing to a much higher extent than do young cells. Sexual reproduction occurs by conjugation without the formation of flagellated male gametes, which can be seen as an advantage in water-deficient habitats. The resulting zygospores possess a multilayer cell wall, contributing to their resistance to terrestrial conditions. Especially in the context of global change, understanding temperature and light tolerance is crucial.

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Section: Streptophyte Green Algae and The Origin Of Land Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature- and light stress adaptations in Zygnematophyceae: The challenges of a semi-terrestrial lifestyle

2022

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“…Embryophyte terrestrialization occurred when an aquatic streptophyte alga came ashore onto hot, rocky land and kickstarted the emergence of the terrestrial clade. The importance of this incident cannot be overstated, as a lot of biotic and abiotic processes depend on land plants (Delwiche and Timme, 2011;Lenton et al, 2016;Schreiber et al, 2022). However, early land plants had to overcome a plethora of terrestrial stressors before they could dominate the surface of the Earth: most notably drought, high temperatures, salinity and radiation (Fürst-Jansen et al, 2020).…”

Section: Uvr8 Drove the Conquest Of Aquatic And Terrestrial Habitats ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is especially true for streptophyte algae. Functionally characterizing the cell biology of streptophyte algae is of great importance for delineating the molecular adaptations that embryophytes needed to conquer land (de Vries and Archibald, 2018;Schreiber et al, 2022). While streptophyte algae possess orthologues for core components of UVR8 signalling, as well as orthologues for several transcription factors that UVR8 regulates the expression of in embryophytes (Han et al, 2019;Zhang et al, 2022), this does not guarantee that the physiological response that UVR8 regulates in established green plant model systems is conserved.…”

Section: Conclusion and Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Facilitated via the emergence and expansion of green plants (Viridiplantae), the global greening of Planet Earth was arguably one of the most important events in Planet Earth's history (Delwiche and Timme, 2011;de Vries et al, 2016;Lenton et al, 2016;Morris et al, 2018;Leebens-Mack et al, 2019;Dahl and Arens, 2020;Li et al, 2020b;Schreiber et al, 2022;Žárský et al, 2022). Green plants are made up of three phylastreptophytes, chlorophytes and the basal-branching prasinodermatophytes (Li et al, 2020b) and are arguably one of the most successful lineages of eukaryotes, as they occupy and dominate a variety of terrestrial, aquatic and marine habitats (Delwiche and Timme, 2011;de Vries and Archibald, 2018;Li et al, 2021;Schreiber et al, 2022). The conquest of terrestrial and shallow freshwater habitats by green plants, however, is accompanied by particular challengesespecially in streptophytesas these organisms have to cope with a variety of biotic and abiotic stressors (Rensing, 2018;Fürst-Jansen et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Comparative Physiological Perspective on UV RESISTANCE LOCUS 8 Signalling in Green Plants

MacLeod¹

2022

Preprint

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The ability for photosynthetic organisms to protect themselves from high levels of ultraviolet (UV) radiation has been a critical for their survival and evolution. To overcome this problem, some of these organisms either occupy habitats where low levels of UV radiation occur or have acquired various receptor mechanisms that protect their nucleic acids, photosynthetic machineries, and their epidermis. In green plants (Viridiplantae), photoprotective responses are predominantly mediated via photoreceptors. Initially discovered and isolated in the cress Arabidopsis thaliana, UV RESISTANCE LOCUS 8 (UVR8) is a photoreceptor that is specific to UV-B light and is mainly involved in switching on the UV-B-specific photoprotective and photomorphogenic responses in green plants. Here, I review biochemical, physiological and phylogenomic data to examine the evolution and diversity of the UVR8-mediated signalling response from algae to angiosperms. I speculate that UVR8 was necessary to act as an enabler for major transitions in green plant evolution – from chlorophyte freshwater adaptations to streptophyte terrestrialization – and discuss causal links that could motivate further research.

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“…If you walk the paths near the thermal outflows at Yellowstone National Park, or gaze at the purple algal mats found in the Tyrol region of the Alps, or crunch through the biological soil crusts of Arizona deserts or simply note the vibrant green floating masses found in ephemeral pools, you have met charophytes. If you could go back in time, let us say 500–600+ million years ago (mya), and wander along the edges of ancient freshwater wetland or even possibly the thawed edge of a glacier, you might also encounter a charophyte and possibly one that has an impressive preadapted tool kit that will allow it to colonize land and ultimately give rise to land plants ( de Vries and Archibald, 2018 ; Schreiber et al, 2022 ; Žárský et al, 2022 ). The charophytes (or “basal” streptophytes) are a diverse group of green algae that have intrigued plant biologists for decades and now provide exciting opportunities for future studies in many areas of biology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The cell biology of charophytes: Exploring the past and models for the future

Domozych

Bagdan

2022

Plant Physiology

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Charophytes represent a diverse assemblage of extant green algae that are the sister lineage to land plants. 500-600+ million years ago, a charophyte progenitor successfully colonized land and subsequently gave rise to land plants. Charophytes have diverse but relatively simple body plans that make them highly attractive organisms for many areas of biological research. At the cellular level, many charophytes have been used for deciphering cytoskeletal networks and their dynamics, membrane trafficking, extracellular matrix secretion and cell division mechanisms. Some charophytes live in challenging habitats and have become excellent models for elucidating the cellular and molecular effects of various abiotic stressors on plant cells. Recent sequencing of several charophyte genomes has also opened doors for the dissection of biosynthetic and signaling pathways. While we are only in an infancy stage in elucidating the cell biology of charophytes, the future application of novel analytical methodologies in charophyte studies that include a broader survey of inclusive taxa will enhance our understanding of plant evolution and cell dynamics.

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The greening ashore

Cited by 11 publications

References 86 publications

Temperature- and light stress adaptations in Zygnematophyceae: The challenges of a semi-terrestrial lifestyle

Temperature- and light stress adaptations in Zygnematophyceae: The challenges of a semi-terrestrial lifestyle

A Comparative Physiological Perspective on UV RESISTANCE LOCUS 8 Signalling in Green Plants

The cell biology of charophytes: Exploring the past and models for the future

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