The Green Synthesis of MgO Nano-Flowers Using Rosmarinus officinalis L. (Rosemary) and the Antibacterial Activities against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae

Abstract

Recently, the use of herbs in the agriculture and food industry has increased significantly. In particular, Rosmarinus officinalis L. extracts have been reported to have strong antibacterial properties, which depend on their chemical composition. The present study displayed a biological method for synthesis of magnesium oxide (MgO) nano-flowers. The nano-flowers are developed without using any catalyst agent. Aqueous Rosemary extract was used to synthesize MgO nano-flowers (MgONFs) in stirring conditions and temperature at 70°C for 4 h. The mixture solution was checked by UV-Vis spectrum to confirm the presence of nanoparticles. The MgO nano-flowers powder was further characterized in this study by the X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. In addition, bacteriological tests indicated that MgO nano-flowers significantly inhibited bacterial growth, biofilm formation, and motility of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, which is the causal agent of bacterial blight disease in rice. The electronic microscopic observation showed that bacterial cell death may be mainly due to destroy of cell integrity, resulting in leakage of intracellular content. As recommended, the use of Rosemary extract is an effective and green way to produce the MgO nano-flowers, which can be widely used in agricultural fields to suppress bacterial infection.

Green-Synthesization of Silver Nanoparticles Using Endophytic Bacteria Isolated from Garlic and Its Antifungal Activity against Wheat Fusarium Head Blight Pathogen Fusarium graminearum

“…Various metals nanoparticles have been widely applied in agriculture due to their distinctive features such as antimicrobial activity, catalytic activity, magnetic and electrical properties [11,12]. Furthermore, several studies have demonstrated that metal nanoparticles have been well documented as fungicides [10,13]. For example, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been shown to significantly inhibit the hyphal growth of a variety of foliar and soil-borne plant pathogen [14,15].…”

Biogenic synthesis of magnesium oxide nanoparticles using Manihot esculenta (Crantz) leaf extract

“…This, they suggested was due the more efficient penetration of the MgONPs into the seed coat to promote Mg content and water uptake needed for germination. Abdallah et al [6] synthesized MgO nano-flowers using aqueous extracts from Rosmarinus officinalis L. (Rosemary) flowers as the reducing agent. The obtained MgO nano-flowers showed significant antimicrobial effect against Xanthomonas oryzae pv.…”

Flower-Based Green Synthesis of Metallic Nanoparticles: Applications beyond Fragrance

“…Metal nanoparticles based on titanium (Ti), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and magnesium (Mg), etc., have been emerging as a new class, owing to their exclusive applications in Nanomaterials 2020, 10, 766 6 of 16 research (Table 4). Rosemary extract (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) was used in MgO nano-flower synthesis in a stirring situation at 70 • C for 4 h [86]. Marigold flower (Tageta sp.)…”

“…In GC-MS analysis, the oleic acid in the flower extract was found to act as a reducing and capping agent, and the presence of oleic acid stabilized ZnO NPs, showing antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive E. faecium and Gram-negative E. coli bacteria. Abdallah et al (2019) found that magnesium oxide (MgO) NPs formed from the flower extract of Rosmarinus officinalis L. showed a strong inhibitory effect against biofilms of a rice pathogen, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae strain GZ 0005 [86].…”

“…Abdallah et al (2019) found that magnesium oxide (MgO) NPs formed from the flower extract of Rosmarinus officinalis L. showed a strong inhibitory effect against biofilms of a rice pathogen, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae strain GZ 0005 [86].…”