The “Great Lockdown”: Inactive workers and mortality by Covid‐19

Borri, Nicola; Drago, Francesco; Santantonio, Chiara; Sobbrio, Francesco

doi:10.1002/hec.4383

Cited by 21 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…In that period, residents were permitted to leave their homes only to buy food and medicines, while attending school or performing non-essential jobs was not allowed (Borri et al, 2021 ; Panarello and Tassinari, 2022 ). Moreover, any kind of public gatherings and public transport were curtailed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic expectations and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic: a one-year longitudinal evaluation on Italian university students

Busetta

Panarello

2022

Qual Quant

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The COVID-19 pandemic has produced an extensive aggravation of people’s anxiety level. Different policies aimed at fighting the spread of the virus could affect anxiety in various ways. We built an ad hoc web-based survey, administered to the student population of three Italian universities at the beginning of the pandemic and at one year’s distance, to collect information on retrospective and current anxiety levels and the underlining reasons. The survey also included questions concerning sociodemographic, economic, labor, lifestyle, academic career, and on-line teaching features, which prevents students from identifying the main survey topic to be anxiety. This research aims at assessing the change in anxiety levels between the analyzed periods and the main determinants of such change, focusing on students’ economic expectancies. Results from a Poisson regression model show that anxiety has increased compared to both the pre-pandemic level and the one quantified during the first lockdown. This increase is revealed to be mostly driven by economic and career-related uncertainties, rather than by job loss and proximity to COVID-19. Thus, policymakers should take action to provide certainties both in terms of economic prospects and reopening strategies, especially to avoid that the resulting increase in anxiety translates into an amplified suicide risk.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic expectations and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic: a one-year longitudinal evaluation on Italian university students

Busetta

Panarello

2022

Qual Quant

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“…To internalize the effect of the individual labor supply on public health, the social planner shortens the working time, which echoes Eichenbaum et al (2021) viewpoint that authorities should carry out large-scale containment measures in the presence of infection externalities. Also, Borri et al (2021) find that the intensity of lockdown is associated with a significant reduction in mortality by COVID-19 in Italy.…”

Section: Optimal Labor Supply Under Lockdown Policymentioning

confidence: 78%

A theory of fiscal policy response to an epidemic

Pang

2022

Health Economics

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Governments worldwide have issued massive amounts of debt to inject fiscal stimulus during the COVID‐19 pandemic. This paper analyzes fiscal responses to an epidemic, in which interactions at work increase the risk of disease and mortality. Fiscal policies, which are designed to borrow against the future and provide transfers to individuals suffering economic hardship, can facilitate consumption smoothing while reduce hours worked and hence mitigate infections. We examine the optimal fiscal policy and characterize the condition under which fiscal policy improves social welfare. We then extend the model analyzing the static and dynamic pecuniary externalities under scale economies—the decrease in labor supply during the epidemic lowers the contemporaneous average wage rate while enhances the post‐epidemic workforce health and productivity. We suggest that fiscal policy may not work effectively unless the government coordinates working time, and the optimal size of public debt is affected by production technology and disease severity and transmissibility.

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“…However, many studies show that the spread of infection in a geographical area depends on several factors, including behavioural factors (e.g. [ 23 , 24 ]), and not only on the organization of the healthcare system. In this perspective, when more robust data become available, a more thorough analysis of the resilience of healthcare systems in Lombardy will be feasible by analysing the variation in avoidable all-cause mortality after the exogenous shock of COVID-19.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring Resilience and Fatality Rate During the First Wave of COVID-19 Pandemic in Northern Italy: A Note

Guccio

2022

Public Health Rev

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Background: This Policy Brief aims to contribute to the debate on the resilience of the healthcare systems during the pandemic by discussing whether mortality indicators are appropriate for assessing resilience or whether other statistics should be employed.Evidence: During the first wave of the COVID-19, much emphasis was placed on case-fatality rates to offer a preliminary assessment of the resilience of healthcare systems. However, these statistics are often biased and do not consider the real figure of the population that has been infected.Policy Options and Recommendations: Comparing data obtained with different approaches based on statistical inference and large-scale serological survey, the brief highlights, that great care must be taken when using case-fatality data, which in the absence of careful analysis, can lead to erroneous conclusions.Conclusion: Using case-fatality rate gives us no sounding information about the real capability of healthcare systems to save lives during the pandemic. However, even in the absence of detailed epidemiological data new advancements in statistical methods can be useful to provide a more sounding evaluation of the resilience of the healthcare systems.

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The “Great Lockdown”: Inactive workers and mortality by Covid‐19

Cited by 21 publications

References 45 publications

Economic expectations and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic: a one-year longitudinal evaluation on Italian university students

Economic expectations and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic: a one-year longitudinal evaluation on Italian university students

A theory of fiscal policy response to an epidemic

Measuring Resilience and Fatality Rate During the First Wave of COVID-19 Pandemic in Northern Italy: A Note

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