The graphical presentation of lead isotope data for environmental source apportionment

Ellam, Rob M.

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.03.037

Cited by 67 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…1.07-1.09). To elucidate the contribution of the three possible sources (background, smelting, petrol combustion) using isotopic tracing, either inclusion of the 204 Pb isotope (which is not precisely measured by our ICP-MS technique) (Ellam, 2010) or multi-isotopic systems (Bullen and Walczyk, 2009) would be useful.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracing the spatial distribution and mobility of metal/metalloid contaminants in Oxisols in the vicinity of the Nkana copper smelter, Copperbelt province, Zambia

et al. 2011

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracing the spatial distribution and mobility of metal/metalloid contaminants in Oxisols in the vicinity of the Nkana copper smelter, Copperbelt province, Zambia

et al. 2011

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“…To address those concerns, in addition to measuring the concentrations of trace elements, we included stable lead isotopic composition analyses to determine the sources and fate of Pb contamination in the lake (Ellam, 2010;Flegal et al, 2010). Lead isotopic composition data have been used to identify the combustion of leaded gasoline as the dominant source of Pb contamination in the 20th century, which subsequently led to the phase-out of Pb from gasoline in many countries, including the United States (Nriagu, 1990;Needleman, 2000).…”

Section: Environmental Changes In Lake Tanganyikamentioning

confidence: 99%

Using lead isotopes and trace element records from two contrasting Lake Tanganyika sediment cores to assess watershed – Lake exchange

Odigie

Cohen

Swarzenski

et al. 2014

Applied Geochemistry

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Editorial handling by M. Kersten a b s t r a c tLead isotopic and trace element records of two contrasting sediment cores were examined to reconstruct historic, industrial contaminant inputs to Lake Tanganyika, Africa. Observed fluxes of Co, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn in age-dated sediments collected from the lake varied both spatially and temporally over the past two to four centuries. The fluxes of trace elements were lower (up to 10-fold) at a mid-lake site (MC1) than at a nearshore site (LT-98-58), which is directly downstream from the Kahama and Nyasanga River watersheds and adjacent to the relatively pristine Gombe Stream National Park. Trace element fluxes at that nearshore site did not measurably change over the last two centuries (1815-1998), while the distal, mid-lake site exhibited substantial changes in the fluxes of trace elements -likely caused by changes in land use -over that period. For example, the flux of Pb increased by $300% from 1871 to 1991. That apparent accelerated weathering and detrital mobilization of lithogenic trace elements was further evidenced by (i) positive correlations (r = 0.77-0.99, p < 0.05) between the fluxes of Co, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn and those of iron (Fe) at both sites, (ii) positive correlations (r = 0.82-0.98, p < 0.01, n = 9) between the fluxes of elements (Al, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) and the mass accumulation rates at the offshore site, (iii) the low enrichment factors (EF < 5) of those trace elements, and (iv) the temporal consistencies of the isotopic composition of Pb in the sediment. These measurements indicate that accelerated weathering, rather than industrialization, accounts for most of the increases in trace element fluxes to Lake Tanganyika in spite of the development of mining and smelting operations within the lake's watershed over the past century. The data also indicate that the mid-lake site is a much more sensitive and useful recorder of environmental changes than the nearshore site. Furthermore, the lead isotopic compositions of sediment at the sites differed spatially, indicating that the Pb (and other trace elements by association) originated from different natural sources at the two locations.

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“…Likewise, Pb and Zn concentrations as high as 129 and 1015 mg/kg, respectively, were measured in topsoil at an industrial site in Talcahuano city (36°S), Chile (Tume et al 2008). In addition, high levels of As in soil and water have been documented in some parts of Chile, which was the second largest As producer in the world in 2013 Hopenhayn-Rich et al 2000;Edelstein 2014). …”

Section: Introduction Environmental Impacts Of Contaminant Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remobilization of trace elements by forest fire in Patagonia, Chile

et al. 2015

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Temporal changes in the amounts of trace elements (As, Co, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) and their correlations with temporal changes in charcoal abundance in age-dated sediments collected from Lake Thompson in Patagonia, Chile, attest to the substantial pyrogenic remobilization of contaminants that occurred in Patagonia during the mid-1900s. This remobilization was concurrent with the extensive slash and burn period in the region during that period. The changes in concentrations of Co, Cu, and Ni in relation to charcoal abundance in the lacustrine sediments over time were small compared to those of As, Mn, Pb, and Zn. However, the relatively low enrichment factors of all those trace elements, normalized to Fe, indicate that they were predominantly derived from local, natural sources impacted by fires rather than industrial sources. The primarily local source of Pb in the sediments was corroborated by the temporal consistency of its isotopic ratios ( 206 Pb/ 207 Pb: 208 Pb/ 206 Pb), which were similar to previously reported values for natural lead in Central and Southern Chile. However, the pyrogenic remobilization of both natural and industrial trace elements by forest fires in Chile and elsewhere is expected to rise as a consequence of climate change, which is projected to increase both the frequency and intensity of forest fires on a global scale.

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The graphical presentation of lead isotope data for environmental source apportionment

Cited by 67 publications

References 15 publications

Tracing the spatial distribution and mobility of metal/metalloid contaminants in Oxisols in the vicinity of the Nkana copper smelter, Copperbelt province, Zambia

Tracing the spatial distribution and mobility of metal/metalloid contaminants in Oxisols in the vicinity of the Nkana copper smelter, Copperbelt province, Zambia

Using lead isotopes and trace element records from two contrasting Lake Tanganyika sediment cores to assess watershed – Lake exchange

Remobilization of trace elements by forest fire in Patagonia, Chile

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