The Grape Entomology

Shivaraju, C.; Mani, M. S.; Kulkarni, N.

doi:10.1007/978-81-322-1617-9

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Of these, only about ten species are considered to cause losses in various regions and different grape-growing states of India. Only some are considered frequently serious, while the others are regarded as minor pests (Mani et al, 1982).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on the Population Densities of Certain Insect Pests Attacking Grapevine Trees and Their Associated Predators at Mansoura District

Ghanim¹,

Abou-Elnaga²,

El-Serafi³

et al. 2015

Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology

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The present investigation was carried out in the farm of Agriculture Research Center , Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University to study the effect of some weather factors on the population density of per certain insect pests infesting grapevine trees and their associated predators during the successive seasons of 2014 and 2015 at Mansoura district. The obtained results revealed that four peaks for Retithrips syriacus Manget season were recorded during the period of study. The highest number for this insect was recorded in the second week of August in the two seasons of study. There were four peaks per season for Empoasca lybica deBerg during the period of investigation. The highest number of E. lybica was recorded in the first and third week of June during the two seasons of study. The obtained results showed that four peaks for Empoasca discipiens Paoli were recorded during the period of study. the highest number for this insect was recorded in the third week of July and in the third week of August during the first and second season of study. Data recorded three peaks for Lobisia botrana Schift during the two seasons of study, and the highest number was recorded in the third week of June in the first season and in the first week of July in the second season of study. There were three peaks for Chryptoblabs. Gnidiella Miller in the two seasons of study the highest number was recorded in the third week of Jun in the two season of study , The obtained result assured that three peaks for Cydonia vicina nilotica Muls in the two seasons of study. The highest number for this insect was recorded in the second week of May in the first season 2014 and in the first week of August in the second season of study. The obtained results revealed that there were four peaks for Coccinella undecimpunctata in the two seasons of study,and the highest number for this insect was recorded in the second week of May in the first season and in the third week of August in the second season of study. There were three peaks for Cydonia vicina isis in the two seasons of study. The highest number for this insect was recorded in the third week of Jun in the first season and in the first week of August in the second season of study. The obtained result assured that the temperature (maximum, minimum and average) positively affected on the population density of the most main insect species except C. gnidiella during the two seasons of study. The relative humidity affected negatively on the population density of these insects .the statistical correlation coefficient between the population density of predatory insects and the temperature and relative humidity showed a highly or slightly significant positive or negatively effect on population density of these insects during the two seasons of study.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on the Population Densities of Certain Insect Pests Attacking Grapevine Trees and Their Associated Predators at Mansoura District

Ghanim¹,

Abou-Elnaga²,

El-Serafi³

et al. 2015

Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology

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“…As wasps forage on various sugar sources throughout territories ranging hundreds of metres from the nest, they probably disperse yeast propagules into new sugar-rich habitats. Wasps have strong mandibles that they use to break open fruit tissue when feeding [73], providing newly accessible sugar resources to any yeasts dispersed during such foraging.…”

Section: Dispersal Of Yeastsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ecology of insect–yeast relationships and its relevance to human industry

et al. 2018

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Many species of yeast are integral to human society. They produce many of our foods, beverages and industrial chemicals, challenge us as pathogens, and provide models for the study of our own biology. However, few species are regularly studied and much of their ecology remains unclear, hindering the development of knowledge that is needed to improve the relationships between humans and yeasts. There is increasing evidence that insects are an essential component of ascomycetous yeast ecology. We propose a 'dispersal-encounter hypothesis' whereby yeasts are dispersed by insects between ephemeral, spatially disparate sugar resources, and insects, in turn, obtain the benefits of an honest signal from yeasts for the sugar resources. We review the relationship between yeasts and insects through three main examples: social wasps, social bees and beetles, with some additional examples from fruit flies. Ultimately, we suggest that over the next decades, consideration of these ecological and evolutionary relationships between insects and yeasts will allow prediction of where new yeast diversity is most likely to be discovered, particularly yeasts with traits of interest to human industry.

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“…By the end of August, all nets were removed, and the number of grapes lost, due to each pest type (birds, insects and fungi), was scored by visual inspection of the marks left on the grapes, according to field guides and the farmer's experience (Isaacs et al, 2003;Carisse et al, 2006;Hahn and Wold-burkness, 2008;Hoover et al, 2011;Mani et al, 2014).…”

Section: Exclusion Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only three families of microhymenoptera (Platygastridae, Diapriidae and Proctotrupidae) were grouped together due to their similar morphology. Like birds, all insects were divided into three functional groups regarding their main relation with agriculture crops, i.e., auxiliary, neutral and pests (Mani et al, 2014;Bostanian et al, 2015). This classification was temporally flexible (i.e., variable across months), in order to reflect the changing roles of insects in relation to their life cycle and food availability.…”

Section: Insect Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of native biodiversity on grape loss of four castes: testing the biotic resistance hypothesis

et al. 2018

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Abstract. Management of agricultural landscapes can influence the biodiversity and the ecological services provided by these ecosystems, such as natural biological pest control. Viticulture is a very important economic activity in most countries with Mediterranean climate, often shaping their landscapes and culture. Grape production is affected by a number of pests and diseases, and farmers use prophylactic and response-driven pesticides to control these pests. Here we quantified the main biotic causes of crop losses in four grape castes, two red (Touriga Nacional and Baga) and two white (Arinto and Chardonnay), and evaluated the potential effect of native biodiversity to provide biotic resistance to pest outbreaks and grape losses. Specifically, the diversity and abundance of bird and insect communities in these vineyards were quantified and divided into functional guilds (pest, neutral or auxiliary), to test whether these natural communities hold the potential to naturally control grape pests (biotic resistance hypothesis) under normal vineyard management (including pesticide application regimes). A potential association between distance to the vineyard edge and grape losses was also evaluated. We recorded a very small proportion of grape losses (mean = 0.6 %; max = 7.5 %), with insect pests showing a preference for the castes Baga (red) and Chardonnay (white), while bird pests avoided the caste Arinto (white). Grape color did not influence losses caused by insect pests, but birds showed a preference for red castes. The caste Baga was also more vulnerable to losses caused by fungi. Despite their low impact on grape production, most insects and birds detected in the six vineyards were pests, which entails a potentially low level of biotic resistance in this highly managed agricultural ecosystem. Further research is necessary to fully evaluate the role of functional biodiversity in vineyards, particularly if alternative production processes, such as organic farming, can increase the potential of native biodiversity to protect against grape losses from pests under lower regimes of chemical spraying.

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The Grape Entomology

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Studies on the Population Densities of Certain Insect Pests Attacking Grapevine Trees and Their Associated Predators at Mansoura District

Studies on the Population Densities of Certain Insect Pests Attacking Grapevine Trees and Their Associated Predators at Mansoura District

The ecology of insect–yeast relationships and its relevance to human industry

Effects of native biodiversity on grape loss of four castes: testing the biotic resistance hypothesis

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