The granary weevil /

Back, E. A.; Cotton, R. T.

doi:10.5962/bhl.title.109212

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…For general information concerning the biology of the four beetles used in the present experimental work, reference should be made to the original papers. Tribolium has been described by Good (1936), Ca.land.ra by Andersen (1934) and Back & Cotton (1926), Rhizopertha by Potter (1935) and Birch (1945) and Ptinus by Hinton (1941), Hickin (1942), Howe (1943) and Gunn & Knight (1945). It is therefore unnecessary to consider the biology of these insects in any general way, but, since the properties of a dust affect its insecticidal action, it would be expected that correlations might likewise be found between the structure and behaviour of insects and their response to insecticides.…”

Section: Biology In Relation To the Action Of Insecticidesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Factors influencing the Action of Dust Insecticides

David

Gardiner

1950

Bull. Entomol. Res.

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The methods used to investigate the properties of dusts are described and, in a theoretical section, the relevance of the various physical properties to insecticidal action are considered.In order to investigate the effect of toxic and non-toxic dusts on insects the experimental procedure was simplified to eliminate all difficulties associated with the formation of uniform dust clouds and deposits. In problems relating to the adherence of the dusts to insects the actual quantity of dust was measured either by weighing the insects before and after dusting or by dyeing the dust with Sudan III and determining the quantity colorimetrically. The experiments were all conducted under known conditions of temperature and humidity.Non-toxic dusts killed insects by causing them to lose water. Not all non-toxic powders were equally effective when conditioned to the same relative humidity. All were without effect at saturated humidity and became progressively more rapid in action as the humidity at which the test was carried out was decreased (p. 32).The non-toxic dusts caused the insects to lose water by abrading certain areas of the cuticle ; the more extensive the abrasion the more quickly the insects died (p. 27).To be effective as an abrasive the dust must be hard and finely ground and, perhaps also, sharply angular. Thus materials which ranked high in Moh's scale of hardness were in general more effective than soft materials and hard materials became quite ineffective unless they contained material below about 10 μ, diameter. Presumably the coarser materials could not gain access to the articulations, etc., where abrasion usually occurred. This effect can be seen clearly with carborundum powders. Sharply angular glass was more effective than the same powder converted into rounded spheres (pp. 25–31).

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Section: Biology In Relation To the Action Of Insecticidesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Factors influencing the Action of Dust Insecticides

David

Gardiner

1950

Bull. Entomol. Res.

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“…Rather, it would seem that they reflect a mechanism by which at lower temperatures the most may be made of limited resources or the effects of starvation may be minimized. It seems reasonable to argue that the greater ability of S. granarius to survive the winter in temperate regions (Solomon & Adamson 1955;Mathlein 1961) and to resist starvation (Back & Cotton 1926) may be due, in part, to its relatively greater reduction of metabolism after cold-accUmation and its lowered sensitivity to temperature. Such a mechanism would also be adaptive to another species S. zeamais which may even leave the granary and spend the winter under stones or pieces of wood outside the building (Kiritani 1965).…”

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Some aspects of acclimation to low temperatures in the grain weevils Sitophilus oryzae (L.) and S. granarius (L.)

Evans

1977

Australian Journal of Ecology

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The ability of Sitophilus oryzae (L.) and S. granarius (L.) to acclimate when transferred from 27 C, a near optimal temperature, to 15 C, a marginal temperature, was examined in terms of chill-coma temperature, dispersal, oxygen consumption and rate of oviposition.The chill-coma temperature of S. oryzae was higher and the increment of acclimation less than that of S. granarius. Acclimation, although well advanced after 2 weeks after transfer, took more than 4 weeks to complete. Re-acclimation after the reciprocal transfer took only 2 weeks.The dispersal of S. oryzae held at 15 and 27 C prior to testing differed when the weevils were released in wheat at 27 C but not when released at 15°C. Cold-acclimated S. granarius dispersed less than warmacclimated weevils when released in wheat at both 15and27°C.The activity oxygen consumption of coldacclimated weevils was less than that of warmacclimated weevils. Inverse-shifts of acutely determined R-T relationships appeared more significant than changes in temperature sensitivity. Acclimation to 15°C took 8-10 days and re-acclimation to 27 C about 6-8 days. S. oryzae consumed less oxygen per unit of weight than S. granarius but was more temperature sensitive. Resting oxygen consumption, which was less temperature sensitive than activity consumption, also exhibited inverse acclimation in both species.S. granarius showed evidence of inverse acclimation of oviposition rate after acclimation at 15°C. 20

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“…I t is clear that G G weevils when reared a t 27 OC frequently harbor mycetomal microorganisnls in the lnidgut for much longer than 20 days, and indeed may harbor them there for a s long a s 6 months, which is liliely the greater portion of their life span a t this temperature (1). I n addition, they harbor other micl-oorganisms (3) t h a t may be casual invaders or additional symbiotic associates (2).…”

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Mycetomal and Other Microorganisms in Young and Aging Sitophilus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Musgrave¹,

Homan²,

Grinyer³

1964

Can. J. Microbiol.

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The ability of staphylococci to grow a t substantially greater NaCl concentrations than Inany other nonhalophilic organisins is well docuinented (1, 3, 9). According to Scott (9), survival under these conditions is a function of the water activity of the nutrient medium. However, Larsen (5) points out that the inore basic question of solute penetration must be answered before an osmotic or metabolic significance can be attached to NaC1. In attempting to determine the fate of NaCl, i\/Iitchell and R4oyle (7) reported that sodium

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The granary weevil /

Cited by 5 publications

References 2 publications

Factors influencing the Action of Dust Insecticides

Factors influencing the Action of Dust Insecticides

Some aspects of acclimation to low temperatures in the grain weevils Sitophilus oryzae (L.) and S. granarius (L.)

Mycetomal and Other Microorganisms in Young and Aging Sitophilus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

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