The Governance of International Migration

Abstract

Introduction 3.1 Deportability as part of daily experience Deportability at the borderlands Deportability in urban life After the King's speech 3.2 Illegality in (semi-)settlement Settling into violent neighbourhoods 'The problem is work' 3.3 Access to public healthcare and education Healthcare between formal recognition and bureaucratic incorporation Public education: Bureaucratic sabotage and self-exclusion 3.4 Reversing illegality through mobilization Emergence of civil society networks Migrants' self-organizations Brothers in arms: What makes alliances possible? Mobilization for individual mobility 4 Turkey Depoliticized illegality and a quest for legitimacy 4.1 Migrant deportability beyond the EU borders Experiences of deportability: Between tolerance and arbitrariness 4.2 Illegality in (semi-)settlement: Incorporation into informality Settling into informality 'We arrived, slept, and the next day we started working' Limits of labour market participation Opening access to healthcare? Education 4.4 Reversing illegality: Mobilization or moving sideways? Civil society working on immigration issues Legal sidesteps in the absence of mobilization 5 Migrant illegality beyond EU borders Turkey and Morocco in a comparative perspective 5.1 Deportations and perceptions of deportability 5.2 Socioeconomic participation and daily legitimacy 5.3 Access to rights through institutions and the role of 'streetlevel advocacy' The genesis of this book was my PhD dissertation, which I defended at Koç University and the University of Amsterdam in 2015, it further evolved during my post-doctoral fellowship at MiReKoc and assistant professorship at Koç University. I would like to thank all of the academic and administrative staff at both institutions for providing me with intellectual homes during the fieldwork and writing stages. I would like to thank Koç University, the Bucerius PhD Scholarship Program Settling into Motion, the Center for Gender Studies at Koç University (KOÇKAM) and the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TÜBİTAK) for their financial support at different stages of my doctoral research. This book is indeed a product of the long physical, intellectual and mental journey that I have taken alongside several wonderful people to whom thanks are due. Unfortunately, I can only mention a few of them in this short piece. I would first like to thank my supervisors, Prof Ahmet İçduygu and Prof Jan Rath for their invaluable guidance. Additionally, Dr Sebastien Chauvin, Dr Özlem Altan, Prof Deniz Yükseker and Prof Mine Eder were always ready to read earlier drafts of my chapters and discuss my ideas. Conducting fieldwork in two different countries would not have been possible without the valuable help of precious people. In Morocco: Apostolos, Babacar, Fatima, Moussa, Cewad and Najat, among others, helped me immensely in navigating my way in a land where I considered myself an outsider. Without the help of Deniz Sert, Deniz Karcı, Biriz, Uğur and Fattah, and many others, fieldwork in Turkey would have been...

Border closures and the externalization of immigration controls in the Mediterranean: A comparative analysis of Morocco and Turkey – RETRACTED

“…38 While statistics and official data on immigration into Morocco are far from complete, estimates of the number of sub-Saharan irregular migrants between 2000 and 2010 range from 10,000 to 20,000. 39 This means that only a minority of the immigrants in Morocco are attempting to cross the border.…”