The Good of Patients and the Good of Society: Striking a Moral Balance

Pellegrino, Edmund D.; Thomasma, David C.

doi:10.1007/1-4020-2207-7_2

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Indeed, from its beginnings in the early 1970s, traditional bioethics has produced substantial results in a relatively short period [9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Triage in public health emergencies: ethical issues

Petrini

2010

Intern Emerg Med

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General concepts about medical disasters, public health and triage are outlined. Triage is described in the context of public health emergencies and disaster settings, and the main ethical values at stake in triage are discussed. Possible conflicts between competing values are outlined. Special attention is given to possible conflicts between the protection of individual interests (typical of clinical ethics), and the pursuit of collective interests (typical of public health and triage). Hippocratic ethics is compared to utilitarian ethics and to perspectives that emphasize the principle of justice. Three ethical attitudes are suggested that may contribute to a resolution of competing values: protection of human dignity, precaution and, especially, solidarity. Personalism promotes the collective good by safeguarding and giving value to the well-being of each individual. A personalistic perspective is suggested as a way to deepen the concept of solidarity as a pillar both of clinical and public health ethics.

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“…Indeed, from its beginnings in the early 1970s, traditional bioethics has produced substantial results in a relatively short period [9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Triage in public health emergencies: ethical issues

Petrini

2010

Intern Emerg Med

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“…The objectives of medical ethics education fall into two main categories: cognitive objectives, which address competencies, and attitudinal objectives, which address virtues (25). Based in the lack of ethical preparation found, we suggest that this is an opportunity for the pediatric oncologists to improve quality of care and obtain training in virtue ethics, which analyzes how the habits that constitute the personal virtues demonstrated by the physician can lead them through wise ethical judgment in medicine to the actual practice of "clinical judgment" (8) and thus promote the good of their patient, as the search for this good determines the obligations and virtues of the health professional, supported by the philosophy of medicine (26).…”

Section: Lack Of Ethical Education In the Medical Trajectorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Decision-Making at End-of-Life for Children With Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Bioethical Analysis

Juárez-Villegas

Altamirano-Bustamante

Zapata‐Tarrés

2021

Front. Oncol.

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BackgroundEvidence shows that medical education includes a variety of basic and clinical skills. Ethical and human values are not typically considered in medical school curricula, and this is evident in medical practice in certain scenarios such as decision-making at pediatric cancer patients' end of life.MethodsThis study explores a bioethical approach to address complex decision-making at the end of life in children and adolescents with cancer. We are a cross-functional group of scientists from several academic disciplines who conducted a systematic review of the literature using our newly developed meta-bioethical analysis and synthesis of findings. The search was carried out in five databases, resulting in 10 research papers. Following quality screening, seven articles were ultimately selected for further analysis.ResultsOur focus is on the state of the art to better understand the bioethical deliberation at the end of life in pediatric oncology. Here, we report a systematic review that includes (i) classification of the screened articles by the type of decision-making they use, ii) the system values that are at the core of the decision-making at the end of life, and iii) bioethical and ethical discernment queries. We conclude with a discussion regarding the best practices of ethical discernment and decision-making at the end of life.This study highlights the need to develop more research to better understand the influence and origin of these multidimensional factors determining critical decisions that define the quality of life of patients in a highly sensitive moment.ConclusionWe conclude that personal aspects of the physician define their actions more than knowledge or organized structure. It is thus necessary that pediatric oncologists receive ethics and humanistic education.

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“…This is all the more true in times of outbreak, where often both the family members and ethics committee members are not allowed to take part to the ECMO decisional process for restrictive COVID-19 containment measures. 12,16 Therefore, in these difficult scenarios, we retain beneficial for the physicians to be supported by high-quality guidelines prepared in advance at a higher level of authority (governments, policy makers, and committees of experts) and including aspects related to the ECMO provision. These guidelines would certainly relieve frontline clinicians from any major burden while providing care.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%