The good and the bad: Alkaloid screening and brineshrimp bioassays of aqueous extracts of 31 medicinal plants of eastern Nicaragua

Coe, Félix G.; Parikh, Dimpi M; Johnson, Caley A.; Anderson, Gregory J.

doi:10.3109/13880209.2011.608077

Cited by 22 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…These settings are in line with the literature as an upper level for various cytotoxic tests [13,14]. The standard Balb/C mouse 3T3 fibroblast cells has extensively been used to give one a good indication of what could be expected, in general, as different cell-lines could differ in their cell survival rates [15][16][17][18][19].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Cytotoxicity of Low, Medium and High Molecular weight Chitosan’s on Balb/c 3T3 Mouse Fibroblast Cells at a 75-85% De-acetylation Degree

Grobler¹

2018

Mater. Sci. Eng. Adv. Res

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Page | 27 AbstractChitosan is nowadays in the limelight as carrier system for drugs, proteins, hormones, enzymes and genes. Therefore, it is important to also investigate the cytotoxicity of different facets of it against cells. In this study the cytotoxicity towards three different molecular weights (a low molecular weight 50-90kDa, a medium molecular weight 190-310kDa and a high molecular weight 310-375kDa) on mouse Balb/c 3T3 fibroblast cells were investigated. The degree of de-acetylation was between 75-85%. The cell survival rate was determined according to the standard MTT assay. The presence of all three chitosan's showed a positive effect on the survival rate (above the control value) which increased with increasing molecular weight (from 108% through 118% to 120%). It was concluded that not only improved the presence of chitosan the cell survival rate to a higher level than that of the control but the higher the molecular weight of chitosan the better the survival rate while a molecular weight of about 375kDa seems to near the highest possible positive effect.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Cytotoxicity of Low, Medium and High Molecular weight Chitosan’s on Balb/c 3T3 Mouse Fibroblast Cells at a 75-85% De-acetylation Degree

Grobler¹

2018

Mater. Sci. Eng. Adv. Res

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“…This can be considered as a high concentration and well in the top range of concentrations tested for other products, similar to about 1000 µg/ml concentration cytotoxic effect of medicinal plants [19,20]. An exposure period of 24 hours can also be accepted as a long period [19,[21][22][23]. It was reported that the median lethal concentration that kills 50% of the larvae within 24 h of contact with the extract [LC(50)] was less than 1000 µg/ml for 4 (13%) species [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…For all three antioxidants 1 mg of antioxidant/ml growth medium over a 24 hour period was tested for their survival rates. This can be considered as a high concentration and well in the top range of concentrations tested for other products, similar to about 1000 µg/ml concentration cytotoxic effect of medicinal plants [19,20]. An exposure period of 24 hours can also be accepted as a long period [19,[21][22][23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…An exposure period of 24 hours can also be accepted as a long period [19,[21][22][23]. It was reported that the median lethal concentration that kills 50% of the larvae within 24 h of contact with the extract [LC(50)] was less than 1000 µg/ml for 4 (13%) species [19]. Ruffa [20], reported a 100% inhibitory concentration of below 500 µg/ml for 8 selected Argentine medicinal plant extracts over 24 hours on human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Insights into chitosan hydrogels on dentine bond strength and cytotoxicity

Perchyonok¹,

Grobler²,

Zhang³

et al. 2013

OJST

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Contemporary dental adhesives show favorable immediate results in terms of bonding effectiveness. However, the durability of resin-dentin bonds is their major problem. Materials and Methods: Preparation of 3 chitosan-antioxidant hydrogels was achieved using modified hydrogel preparation method. Their effect on the bond strength to dentine both short term (after 24 hours) and long term (after 6 months) were evaluated using shear bond strength measurements using Instron Universal Testing Mascine). The SEM was used to study the surface of the hydrogels. The cell survival rate (cytotoxicity) of the antioxidants resveratrol, β-carotene and propolis towards Balb/c 3T3 mouse fibroblast cells was also assessed using the standard MTT assay. Results: It was found that chitosan-H treated dentine gives significantly (p < 0.05; Non-parametric ANOVA test) higher shear bond values than dentine treated or not treated with phosphoric acid. The anti-oxidants chitosan hydrogels improved the shear bond strength. Overall, there was a relapse in the shear bond strength after 6 months. The SEM study showed that the hydrogel formulations have a uniform distribution of drug content, homogenous texture and yellow color. The pH of the growth medium adjusted to relevant values had a highly significant influence (Tukey-Kramer Multiple-Comparison Test; p < 0.01) on the cell survival rate of Balb/c mouse 3T3 fibroblast cells and therefore most probably also to tooth pulp fibroblast cells. The lower the pH value the higher the negative influence. Furthermore, the sequence of survival rate was found to be: β-carotene (92%) > propolis (68%) > resveratrol (33%). Conclusion: the antioxidant-chitosan hydrogels significantly improved bonding to dentine with or without phosphoric acid treatment. The pH of the growth medium had a high influence on the cell survival rate of Balb/c mouse 3T3 fibroblast cells. The release of the antioxidant β-carotene would not have an influence on the pulp cells. These materials might address the current perspectives for improving bond durability.

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“…This can be considered a high concentration and well in the top range of concentrations normally tested for other products. Similar concentrations were used (1000μg/ml) to test the cytotoxicity of many medicinal plants [35,36]. An exposure period of 24 hours used in this study can also be considered a long exposure period (in the top range) [37][38][39].…”

Section: Cytotoxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Bioactive Dental Restorative Materials with Chitosan and Nanodiamonds: Evaluation and Application

Mulder¹,

Grobler²,

Moodley³

et al. 2015

IJDOS

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The good and the bad: Alkaloid screening and brineshrimp bioassays of aqueous extracts of 31 medicinal plants of eastern Nicaragua

Cited by 22 publications

References 68 publications

Cytotoxicity of Low, Medium and High Molecular weight Chitosan’s on Balb/c 3T3 Mouse Fibroblast Cells at a 75-85% De-acetylation Degree

Cytotoxicity of Low, Medium and High Molecular weight Chitosan’s on Balb/c 3T3 Mouse Fibroblast Cells at a 75-85% De-acetylation Degree

Insights into chitosan hydrogels on dentine bond strength and cytotoxicity

Towards Bioactive Dental Restorative Materials with Chitosan and Nanodiamonds: Evaluation and Application

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