The goitrogenic effect of two Sudanese pearl millet cultivars in rats

Elnour, Abdelsalam; Liedén, S.-Å.; Bourdoux, Pierre; Eltom, Mohamed; Khalid, Sami A.; Hambræus, Leif

doi:10.1016/s0271-5317(97)00015-8

Cited by 7 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…They reported that feeding of both unfermented and fermented millet to rats were associated with similar changes on thyroid follicles size or on thyroid hormone profile. On the contrary, we [4] recently showed in rats that traditional fermentation of one millet cultivar (Balady) clearly potentiated its goitrogenicity and induced an increase in serum T 3 , whereas traditional fermentation of another millet cultivar (Bayoda) caused an increase in both serum T 4 and T 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Preparation of the diets and feeding of rats have been described previously [4]. In brief, the seeds investigated in the present study were collected from two millet cultivars (P. americanum L. Lecke) grown in Sudan.…”

Section: Experimental Dietsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the fermentation procedure applied in our study [4] might remove some minerals in a way similar to maize fermentation practiced in Ghana and Nigeria [6]. Although iodine deficiency is usually regarded as the permissive condition in enlargement of the thyroid, deficiencies or excess of other minerals have also been reported to affect thyroid function in experimental animals and in humans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Subsequent investigations have shown that feeding of millet diets to rats resulted in an enlargement of the thyroid gland and/or distortion of thyroid hormone profile [2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The aim of the present study was therefore to investigate some of the factors that possibly made fermented millet more goitrogenic than unfermented millet [4]. Because previous investigators [2] working on millet goitrogenicity, reported a negative correlation between dietary mineral contents (iron, copper and zinc) and serum T 3 , we decided to start by investigating the effects of fermentation on the mineral content of millet diets and mineral status of animals fed these diets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Traditional Fermentation Increases Goitrogenic Activity in Pearl Millet

Elnour

Liedén²,

Bourdoux³

et al. 1998

Ann Nutr Metab

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Epidemiological evidence suggests that millet might play a role in the etiology of endemic goiter. Recently, we showed that a traditional fermentation procedure of two pearl millet (Pennisetum americanum L. Lecke) cultivars grown in Sudan modified their effects on the weight of the thyroid gland and thyroid hormone profile in rats. In the present study, we report that this fermentation procedure reduced the ash contents of millet by about 40% and removed considerable amounts of Mg (>50%), Zn (27–39%) and K (45%). Other minerals (Ca, Fe, Cu) were not affected. Feeding of one fermented cultivar resulted in significant reduction in bone Mg and Zn contents, whereas feeding of the other fermented cultivar resulted in reduction of bone Mg only. Dietary Mg intake and bone Mg contents correlated negatively with serum T₃. Groups fed the millet diets had higher serum Se level compared to those fed wheat or casein diets and feeding of fermented millet resulted in a further increase in serum Se level. Thus our data indicate that in rats the enhanced effects of millet on the thyroid induced by fermentation is likely related to removal of minerals from millet and/or chemical transformation of the goitrogens contained in millet.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Experimental Dietsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Subsequent investigations have shown that feeding of millet diets to rats resulted in an enlargement of the thyroid gland and/or distortion of thyroid hormone profile [2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations