The Glottal Stop in French

Malécot, André

doi:10.1159/000259649

Cited by 17 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 1 publication

(1 reference statement)

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“…It also appeared that very steep onsets resulted in the perception of glottal stops by French Speakers, whereas relatively gradual onsets yielded /h/ perception. Malecot (1975) made similar observations for the French glottal stop, which seeins to be characterized prevocalically by a short on'set of, particularly, F 2 and JF 3 . In the final position, vowel shortenirig and fast offset proved to be additive cues, whereas the characteristics of initial and final posi-tions are combined for intervocalic stop perception.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Auditory discrimination of rise and decay times in tone and noise bursts

Heuven

Broecke

1979

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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There are indications in the literature on speech perception that differences in rise and decay times of the amplitude envelope are relevant physical correlates in phonemic contrasts. Yet, little is known about the perception of rise and decay times as such. In the present study we have attempted to establish JND's for both rise and decay times of 1000-Hz sine waves as well as white noise bursts by means of an adjustment method. The rise and decay of stimulus amplitude were synthesized to be linear functions of time. Results show that the JND for a change in rise/decay time is generally about 25% of the duration of the rise/decay time. This Weber fraction is a minimum at rise/decay times of about 80 ms and increases significantly for rise/decay times below 20 ms. Of the four signal condition noise bursts were performed with the greatest accuracy (at moderate rise/decay times), while changes in onset time of sine waves were discriminated best at very short rise times (where energy splatter may have contributed an additional cue).

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Auditory discrimination of rise and decay times in tone and noise bursts

Heuven

Broecke

1979

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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“…Half of our bilinguals had French as one of their languages, and the occurrence of the glottal stop in French is restricted in general, before a word starting with aspirated /h/, particularly when it is preceded by a consonant-final word, and also in vowel-initial words (Tranel, 1981). Two other uses of the glottal stop in French are described in Malécot (1974): (a) in utterance-initial and -medial position serving as a stress marker; and (b) medially and in utterance-final position, serving to call attention to a preceding or following element or to abort an unwanted utterance – both environments being relatively restricted and not limited to word-final voiceless coronal stops. On the other hand, it is very common to have glottalization in both British and American English (Selkirk, 1980).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is there a bilingual advantage in phonetic and phonological acquisition? The initial learning of word-final coronal stop realization in a novel accent of English

Spinu

Hwang

Lohmann

2016

International Journal of Bilingualism

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Research question:We address the question of whether the cognitive advantage of the bilingual mind, already demonstrated in the case of auditory processing or novel word acquisition, also applies to other linguistic domains, specifically to phonetic and phonological learning. Design:We compare the performance of 17 monolinguals and 25 bilinguals from Canada in a production experiment with two tasks: imitation and spontaneous reproduction of a novel foreign accent, specifically Sussex English. Data and analysis:To eliminate potential sources of variability, our focus is on a sound already existing in the subjects' production (the glottal stop), but differently mapped to surface representations in the novel accent to which they were exposed (i.e. as an allophone of coronal stops in word-final position). We measured the glottal stop rates of our subjects in baseline, training, and post-training. Results:The two groups behaved differently, with bilinguals showing a larger increase of their glottal stop rate post-training. Our results are thus consistent with a bilingual advantage in phonetic and phonological learning.Originality: We interpret these findings in light of recent psycholinguistic work and conclude that echoic memory strategies, possibly underlain by stronger subcortical encoding of sound in bilinguals, may account for our results by facilitating the re-mapping between existing mental representations of sounds and existing articulatory command configurations.Significance: Our study adds to the body of work showing that there is an advantage of bilingualism in second dialect learning in adulthood, and provides an explanation in terms of perceptual strategies in which echoic memory is involved. We also contribute to the recent body of research suggesting that imitation of an action can result in improved understanding of that action.

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“…As suggested by a Reviewer, our results could be partially accounted for by English and French differing on glottalization in vowel‐initial words. This is a frequent phenomenon in English (Dilley, Shattuck‐Hufnagel, & Ostendorf, ), but it occurs to a lesser extent in French (Fougeron, ; Malécot, ). We evaluated the occurrence of glottal stops in vowel‐initial names, CP and MP, with the visualization of spectrograms (five randomly selected tokens for each type of vowel, adding up to 45 tokens in English and 40 in French): 10 tokens in English contained a clearly glottalized initial vowel (22%), and nine other contained some glottalization (20%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infants' First Words are not Phonetically Specified: Own Name Recognition in British English‐Learning 5‐Month‐Olds

Luche

Floccia

Granjon

et al. 2016

Infancy

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By the end of their first year of life, infants’ representations of familiar words contain phonetic detail; yet little is known about the nature of these representations at the very beginning of word learning. Bouchon et al. () showed that French‐learning 5‐month‐olds could detect a vowel change in their own name and not a consonant change, but also that infants reacted to the acoustic distance between vowels. Here, we tested British English‐learning 5‐month‐olds in a similar study to examine whether the acoustic/phonological characteristics of the native language shape the nature of the acoustic/phonetic cues that infants pay attention to. In the first experiment, British English‐learning infants failed to recognize their own name compared to a mispronunciation of initial consonant (e.g., Molly versus Nolly) or vowel (e.g., April versus Ipril). Yet in the second experiment, they did so when the contrasted name was phonetically dissimilar (e.g., Sophie versus Amber). Differences in phoneme category (stops versus continuants) between the correct consonant versus the incorrect one significantly predicted infants’ own name recognition in the first experiment. Altogether, these data suggest that infants might enter into a phonetic mode of processing through different paths depending on the acoustic characteristics of their native language.

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The Glottal Stop in French

Cited by 17 publications

References 1 publication

Auditory discrimination of rise and decay times in tone and noise bursts

Auditory discrimination of rise and decay times in tone and noise bursts

Is there a bilingual advantage in phonetic and phonological acquisition? The initial learning of word-final coronal stop realization in a novel accent of English

Infants' First Words are not Phonetically Specified: Own Name Recognition in British English‐Learning 5‐Month‐Olds

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