The global seroprevalence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in women who had spontaneous abortion: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Nayeri, Tooran; Sarvi, Shahabeddin; Moosazadeh, Mahmood; Amouei, Afsaneh; Hosseininejad, Zahra; Daryani, Ahmad

doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0008103

Cited by 38 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 112 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Toxoplasma gondii seropositivity has shown an association with the history of abortion (p < 0.05). This is consistent with the previous reports [76,[78][79][80]. Cats play a central role in the epidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii and are major sources of viable oocysts for environmental contamination [3,7,74].…”

Section: Potential Risk Factor Analysis On Seropositivity For Toxoplasupporting

confidence: 93%

Potential risk factors associated with seropositivity for Toxoplasma gondii among pregnant women and HIV infected individuals in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular and neurotropic apicomplexan protozoan parasite infecting almost all warm-blooded vertebrates including humans. To date in Ethiopia, no systematic study has been investigated on the overall effects of potential risk factors associated with seropositivity for Toxoplasma gondii among pregnant women and HIV infected individuals. We intended to determine the potential risk factors (PRFs) associated with seropositivity for Toxoplasma gondii from published data among pregnant women and HIV infected individuals of Ethiopia. Methodology An systematic review of the previous reports was made. We searched PubMed, Science Direct, African Journals Online, and Google Scholar for studies with no restriction on the year of publication. All references were screened independently in duplicate and were included if they presented data on at least two risk factors. Meta-analysis using the random or fixed-effects model was made to calculate the overall effects for each exposure. Results Of the 216 records identified, twenty-four reports met our eligibility criteria, with a total of 6003 individuals (4356 pregnant women and 1647 HIV infected individuals). The pooled prevalences of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies were found at 72.5% (95% CI: 58.7% - 83.1%) in pregnant women and 85.7% (95% CI: 76.3% - 91.8%) in HIV infected individuals. A significant overall effect of anti-Toxoplasma gondii seropositivity among pregnant women (p < 0.05) was witnessed with age, abortion history, contact with cats, cat ownership, having knowledge about toxoplasmosis, being a housewife and having unsafe water source. Age, cat ownership, and raw meat consumption were also shown a significant effect (p < 0.05) to anti-Toxoplasma gondii seropositivity among HIV infected individuals. Conclusions This review showed gaps and drawbacks in the earlier studies that are useful to keep in mind to design accurate investigations in the future. The pooled prevalence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies was found to be higher among pregnant women and HIV infected individuals. This suggests that thousands of immunocompromised individuals (pregnant women and HIV infected patients) are at risk of toxoplasmosis due to the sociocultural and living standards of the communities of Ethiopia. Appropriate preventive measures are needed to reduce the exposure to Toxoplasma gondii infection. Further studies to investigate important risk factors are recommended to support the development of more cost-effective preventive strategies.

show abstract

Section: Potential Risk Factor Analysis On Seropositivity For Toxoplasupporting

confidence: 93%

Potential risk factors associated with seropositivity for Toxoplasma gondii among pregnant women and HIV infected individuals in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In specific, T. gondii has the widest known host range among eukaryotic parasites as virtually all mammals and even some birds can be infected. This species represents a serious health threat [ 2 ] as prenatal infections may lead to abortions in humans and sheep [ 3 , 4 ]. In contrast, the closely related coccidian N. caninum does not infect humans, but it is one of the most important abortive agents in cattle worldwide [ 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

P-Glycoprotein Inhibitors Differently Affect Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum and Besnoitia besnoiti Proliferation in Bovine Primary Endothelial Cells

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Apicomplexan parasites are obligatory intracellular protozoa. In the case of Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum or Besnoitia besnoiti, to ensure proper tachyzoite production, they need nutrients and cell building blocks. However, apicomplexans are auxotrophic for cholesterol, which is required for membrane biosynthesis. P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is a transmembrane transporter involved in xenobiotic efflux. However, the physiological role of P-gp in cholesterol metabolism is unclear. Here, we analyzed its impact on parasite proliferation in T. gondii-, N. caninum- and B. besnoiti-infected primary endothelial cells by applying different generations of P-gp inhibitors. Host cell treatment with verapamil and valspodar significantly diminished tachyzoite production in all three parasite species, whereas tariquidar treatment affected proliferation only in B. besnoiti. 3D-holotomographic analyses illustrated impaired meront development driven by valspodar treatment being accompanied by swollen parasitophorous vacuoles in the case of T. gondii. Tachyzoite and host cell pre-treatment with valspodar affected infection rates in all parasites. Flow cytometric analyses revealed verapamil treatment to induce neutral lipid accumulation. The absence of a pronounced anti-parasitic impact of tariquidar, which represents here the most selective P-gp inhibitor, suggests that the observed effects of verapamil and valspodar are associated with mechanisms independent of P-gp. Out of the three species tested here, this compound affected only B. besnoiti proliferation and its effect was much milder as compared to verapamil and valspodar.

show abstract

“…Despite morphological similarities between coccidian species, host specificity and clinical consequences greatly differ among them. In this context, T. gondii is considered a major public health problem and an abortive agent especially in ovines (Benavides et al ., 2017 ) and humans (Nayeri et al ., 2020) . The closely related coccidian parasite N. caninum is currently considered as a major cause of abortions in cattle (Reichel et al ., 2013 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ezetimibe blocksToxoplasma gondii-,Neospora caninum- andBesnoitia besnoiti-tachyzoite infectivity and replication in primary bovine endothelial host cells

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

The global seroprevalence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in women who had spontaneous abortion: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 38 publications

References 112 publications

Potential risk factors associated with seropositivity for Toxoplasma gondii among pregnant women and HIV infected individuals in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Potential risk factors associated with seropositivity for Toxoplasma gondii among pregnant women and HIV infected individuals in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

P-Glycoprotein Inhibitors Differently Affect Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum and Besnoitia besnoiti Proliferation in Bovine Primary Endothelial Cells

Ezetimibe blocksToxoplasma gondii-,Neospora caninum- andBesnoitia besnoiti-tachyzoite infectivity and replication in primary bovine endothelial host cells

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About