“…10 To capture the historical dimensions of a secular age outside the North-Atlantic world after 1945, the Cold War is a largely underappreciated context for political secularism. The growing antagonism between a "global right" that ideologically defended inequality in its various manifestations within and between societies, 11 and reform-oriented forces including communist movements, labor and peasant unions, and socialist circles strongly inuenced the role religious organizations, values, and practices played in state and society around the world. 12 The Tradition, Family, and Property, or TFP, movement, for example, was founded in Brazil in 1960 under the leadership of local conservative Catholics to oppose any kind of reform that potentially threatened the status of the Catholic Church in Brazilian society and that questioned existing social hierarchies, the unequal distribution of private property, and the constitutional monarchy.…”