The Global Occurrence of Natural Gas Hydrate

Kvenvolden, Keith A.; Lorenson, Thomas D.

doi:10.1029/gm124p0003

Cited by 251 publications

(195 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…To do so, we compiled data from 21 deep drilling expeditions (see details below). Some earlier attempts in combining such information is provided in Booth et al [1996] or the compilation by the US Geological Survey [e.g., Kvenvolden and Lorenson, 2001].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observed correlation between the depth to base and top of gas hydrate occurrence from review of global drilling data

Riedel

Collett

2017

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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A global inventory of data from gas hydrate drilling expeditions is used to develop relationships between the base of structure I gas hydrate stability, top of gas hydrate occurrence, sulfate‐methane transition depth, pressure (water depth), and geothermal gradients. The motivation of this study is to provide first‐order estimates of the top of gas hydrate occurrence and associated thickness of the gas hydrate occurrence zone for climate‐change scenarios, global carbon budget analyses, or gas hydrate resource assessments. Results from publically available drilling campaigns (21 expeditions and 52 drill sites) off Cascadia, Blake Ridge, India, Korea, South China Sea, Japan, Chile, Peru, Costa Rica, Gulf of Mexico, and Borneo reveal a first‐order linear relationship between the depth to the top and base of gas hydrate occurrence. The reason for these nearly linear relationships is believed to be the strong pressure and temperature dependence of methane solubility in the absence of large difference in thermal gradients between the various sites assessed. In addition, a statistically robust relationship was defined between the thickness of the gas hydrate occurrence zone and the base of gas hydrate stability (in meters below seafloor). The relationship developed is able to predict the depth of the top of gas hydrate occurrence zone using observed depths of the base of gas hydrate stability within less than 50 m at most locations examined in this study. No clear correlation of the depth to the top and base of gas hydrate occurrences with geothermal gradient and sulfate‐methane transition depth was identified.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observed correlation between the depth to base and top of gas hydrate occurrence from review of global drilling data

Riedel

Collett

2017

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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“…Natural gas hydrates contain predominantly CH 4 , but-depending on the gas source-they may also contain lighter hydrocarbons or CO 2 and H 2 S. In general, gas hydrates form in the presence of sufficient amounts of gas and water and at low temperatures and elevated pressures [3]. Natural gas hydrates have therefore been found at all active and passive continental margins as well as permafrost regions and in locations with similar conditions [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Counter-Current Heat-Exchange Reactor for the Thermal Stimulation of Hydrate-Bearing Sediments

et al. 2013

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Since huge amounts of CH 4 are bound in natural gas hydrates occurring at active and passive continental margins and in permafrost regions, the production of natural gas from hydrate-bearing sediments has become of more and more interest. Three different methods to destabilize hydrates and release the CH 4 gas are discussed in principle: thermal stimulation, depressurization and chemical stimulation. This study focusses on the thermal stimulation using a counter-current heat-exchange reactor for the in situ combustion of CH 4 . The principle of in situ combustion as a method for thermal stimulation of hydrate bearing sediments has been introduced and discussed earlier [1,2]. In this study we present the first results of several tests performed in a pilot plant scale using a counter-current heat-exchange reactor. The heat of the flameless, catalytic oxidation of CH 4 was used for the decomposition of hydrates in sand within a LArge Reservoir Simulator (LARS). Different catalysts were tested, varying from diverse elements of the platinum group to a universal metal catalyst. The results show differences regarding the conversion rate of CH 4 to CO 2 . The promising results of the latest reactor test, for which LARS was filled with sand and ca. 80% of the pore space was saturated with CH 4 hydrate, are also presented in this study. The data analysis showed that about 15% of the CH 4 gas released from hydrates would have to be used for the successful dissociation of all hydrates in the sediment using thermal stimulation via in situ combustion. OPEN ACCESSEnergies 2013, 6 3003

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“…Time interval from rise corer on the deck up to cutting of sediment in laboratory amounted 10 minutes,see Figure 5.Following sedimentological study of the sediment cores was realized with the use of standard scheme including description of structure, texture, color, density, inclusions (concretions, shells, dropstone) [5,6] , as well as gas-hydrates and character of contacts between layers. Smear slides were made for continued investigation under microscope with the aim of preliminary determination of sediment components.…”

Section: Echo Sounder System Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

The study of Okhotsk sea sediment based Echo sounder system

Zang¹,

Hua²,

Liu³

2016

Proceedings of the 2016 2nd Workshop on Advanced Research and Technology in Industry Applications

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Abstract. This article describes one investigation of Okhotsk Sea sediment in the northwest Pacific margin, the study based the use of the advanced tool called Echo sounder system,made a large scale acoustic sweep to the east slope of Sakhalin Island.Through the acquisition of the echo signal, the multi-channel digital capturing and imaging post-processing system achieved and visualizd the seabed gas flares (GF)、cold seep and the seabed. After the discovery of GF, depending on GPS real-time tracking and positioning system, using gravity sampler and other sampling tool, in various waters successfully collected core samples of sediment, and the samples were analyzed in time, evaluated the amount of methane emission and depositing in the area and other kinds of data, provided useful information to analyze the causes of the region's gas hydrate depositing and mining methods.By the conclusion of the investigation experience, it will make positive effection in sediment investigating methods of our country.

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The Global Occurrence of Natural Gas Hydrate

Cited by 251 publications

References 60 publications

Observed correlation between the depth to base and top of gas hydrate occurrence from review of global drilling data

Observed correlation between the depth to base and top of gas hydrate occurrence from review of global drilling data

A Counter-Current Heat-Exchange Reactor for the Thermal Stimulation of Hydrate-Bearing Sediments

The study of Okhotsk sea sediment based Echo sounder system

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