The Global Macroeconomic Burden of Burn Injuries

Abstract

ore than 9 million burn injuries annually are severe enough to require medical attention. The World Health Organization burn mortality estimates have been as high as 180,000 annually. 1,2 Burn incidence surpasses that of infectious diseases such as tuberculosis or human immunodeficiency virus infection. 3 Although the global burden of disease attributable to burns is significant, it is disproportionately greater in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs), which account for 90% of deaths attributable to burns. 4 Within all countries, poverty increases the likelihood of burn injuries and death; this is even more pronounced when there are disparities in countrywide income leading to socioeconomically disadvantaged populations.Background: Standardized estimates of global economic losses from burn injuries are lacking. The primary objective of this study was to determine the global macroeconomic consequences of burn injuries and their geographic distribution. Methods: Using the Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation database (2009 and 2019), mean and 95% uncertainty interval (UI) data on incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) from injuries caused by fire, heat, and hot substances were collected. Gross domestic product (GDP) data were analyzed together with DALYs to estimate macroeconomic losses globally using a value of lost welfare approach. Results: There were 9 million global burn cases (95% UI, 6.8 to 11.2 million) and 111,000 deaths from burns (95% UI, 88,000 to 132,000 deaths) in 2019, representing a total of 7.5 million DALYs (95% UI, 5.8 to 9.5 million DALYs). This represented welfare losses of $112 billion (95% UI, $78 to $161 billion), or 0.09% of GDP (95% UI, 0.06% to 0.13%). Welfare losses as a share of GDP were highest in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs) of Oceania (0.24%; 95% UI, 0.09% to 0.42%) and Eastern Europe (0.24%; 95% UI, 0.19% to 0.30%) compared with high-income country regions such as Western Europe (0.06%; 95% UI, 0.04% to 0.09%). Mortality-incidence ratios were highest in LMIC regions, highlighting a lack of treatment access, with southern sub-Saharan Africa reporting a mortalityincidence ratio of 40.1 per 1000 people compared with 1.9 for Australasia. Conclusions: Burden of disease and resulting economic losses because of burn injuries are substantial worldwide and are disproportionately higher in LMICs. Possible effective solutions include targeted education, advocacy, and legislation to decrease incidence and investing in existing burn centers to improve treatment access.

Application of Adipose-Tissue Derived Products for Burn Wound Healing

“…Burns are the fourth most common cause of injury in the world. In 2019, more than nine million burn cases globally were estimated, resulting in 111,000 mortalities (88,000–132,000) [ 1 , 2 ]. Nonfatal burn injuries also often result in severe morbidities including a prolonged hospital stay and physical scarring and disfigurement, influencing mental health and causing a decreased quality of life [ 3 ].…”

Epidemiological Predictors of Financial Toxicity in Surgical Burn Injuries

“…1 At a macroeconomic level, burn injuries lead to over 7.5 million disability-adjusted life years, costing an estimated 12 billion USD on burn care in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs) every year. 2 Notably, almost 95% of burn-related deaths occur in Southeast Asia, with 7 million burn injuries being reported on a yearly basis in India alone. 3,4 Current understanding of the cost and economic impact of burn injuries is based heavily on modeling studies and does not account for individual patient-level data and health system level factors.…”

“…The economic impact of burn injuries surpass the burden of both cervical cancer and HIV combined 1 . At a macroeconomic level, burn injuries lead to over 7.5 million disability-adjusted life years, costing an estimated 12 billion USD on burn care in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) every year 2 . Notably, almost 95% of burn-related deaths occur in Southeast Asia, with 7 million burn injuries being reported on a yearly basis in India alone 3,4 …”

Global, Regional, and National Economic Consequences of Stroke

“…The value of lost welfare (VLW) approach is an increasingly established model used to estimate economic losses caused by present disease burden in a standardized manner. 12–20 The VLW model combines DALYs and the concept of value of statistical life (VSL), broadly defined as the value an individual is willing to pay to decrease the risk of mortality. 21 Combined, these measures allow for the assessment of the macroeconomic consequences of a given disease cause.…”