The global epidemiology of clonorchiasis and its relation with cholangiocarcinoma

Qian, Men-Bao; Chen, Ying-Dan; Liang, Song; Yang, Guo-Jing; Zhou, Xiao‐Nong

doi:10.1186/2049-9957-1-4

Cited by 150 publications

(150 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Clonorchiasis, another parasitic disease of humans, is caused by ingestion of raw freshwater fish harboring infective Clonorchis sinensis metacercariae ( 3 , 4 ). STHs and clonorchiasis are endemic to China.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing Prevalence and Intensity of Foodborne Clonorchiasis, Hengxian County, China, 1989–2011

Qian¹,

Chen²,

Yang³

et al. 2014

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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During 1989–2011, three parasitic disease surveys were conducted in Hengxian County, China, where soil-transmitted helminthiases and foodborne clonorchiasis are endemic. We compared the data and found that the prevalence of helminthiases decreased and the prevalence and intensity of clonorchiasis increased over time, especially among men. Clonorchiasis control/intervention measures are urgently needed in this area.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing Prevalence and Intensity of Foodborne Clonorchiasis, Hengxian County, China, 1989–2011

Qian¹,

Chen²,

Yang³

et al. 2014

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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“…It has been claimed that about 85% of these people are in China [1][2][3]. Such disease is characterized by cholangitis with remarkable recruiting inflammatory cells in the early stage of infection, followed by hyperplasia of the intrahepatic bile ducts, cholangiofibrosis, and cholelithiasis in the host liver during the chronic stage [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR4 in the livers of mice infected by Clonorchis sinensis

Yan

et al. 2015

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: Clonorchis sinensis is one of the most important foodborne pathogens in humans, and can cause biliary diseases such as gallstones, cholecystitis, cholangitis, and cholangiocarcinoma. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) as sensors are crucial to initiating both innate and adaptive immune defenses against pathogens. However, little is known about the hepatic expression of TLRs of hosts induced by C. sinensis infection. Methodology: In the present study, the expression and distribution of TLR2 and TLR4 were investigated in a mouse model of clonorchiasis on days 28, 56, 84, and 112 post-infection (PI) using real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunohistochemically staining, respectively. The levels of cytokines that are mediated by TLR2 and TLR4 were also evaluated using a cytometric bead array. Results: Results showed that the transcripts of TLR2 and TLR4 were upregulated on day 28 PI in C. sinensis-infected mice compared with non-infected ones (p < 0.01). In addition, their proteins were strongly immunohistochemically positive in the cytoplasm and membrane of endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and biliary epithelium cells of C. sinensis-infected mice. The levels of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) were increased with activation of TLR2 and TLR4. Conclusions: The expression of TLR2 and TLR4 is upregulated against C. sinensis infection, which suggests that TLR2 and TLR4 might be involved in immune responses during C. sinensis infection.

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“…A total population of 93 million is infected with HBV in China, which is about one quarter of the global number [3,4], while out of 15 million with C. sinensis infection globally, over 85% distributes in China (Figure 1A) [1]. Even after including another liver fluke infection, opisthorchiasis, the number in China is still over 50% (Figure 2B) [1,5,6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A review on the global epidemiology of clonorchiasis and its relationship with cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) was published in the journal of Infectious Diseases of Poverty on 25 th October 2012 [1]. A total of 15 million people are estimated to be infected with Clonorchis sinensis in East Asia and nearly 5,000 CCA cases attributed to this infection may occur annually in the coming decades.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time to tackle clonorchiasis in China

2013

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Recent publication of the global epidemiology of clonorchiasis and its relationship with cholangiocarcinoma in the journal of Infectious Diseases of Poverty has stressed the importance of Clonorchis sinensis infection. To further demonstrate its threat on public health, especially in China, comparisons between clonorchiasis and hepatitis B are made in terms of epidemiology, clinical symptoms and carcinogenicity, disability, as well as changing trends. Furthermore, major problems and prioritized researches are argued, from basic biology to intervention. Imbalance between the majority of infected population and the minority of researches in China urges for more work from Chinese scientists and international cooperation.

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The global epidemiology of clonorchiasis and its relation with cholangiocarcinoma

Cited by 150 publications

References 58 publications

Increasing Prevalence and Intensity of Foodborne Clonorchiasis, Hengxian County, China, 1989–2011

Increasing Prevalence and Intensity of Foodborne Clonorchiasis, Hengxian County, China, 1989–2011

Expression of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR4 in the livers of mice infected by Clonorchis sinensis

Time to tackle clonorchiasis in China

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