The Global Economic Impact of Neurodegenerative Diseases: Opportunities and Challenges

Zahra, Walia; Nand, Sachchida; Birla, Hareram; Singh, Sangeeta; Dilnashin, Hagera; Rathore, Aaina Singh; Singh, Surya Pratap

doi:10.1007/978-981-13-9431-7_17

Cited by 31 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…AD is one of the most prevalent neurological disorders, which contributes to 60-80% of the total cases of dementia around the world. Vulnerability towards AD increases with age, almost doubling in frequency of occurrence every five years after the age of 65 years [ 4 - 6 ]. Currently, approximately 47 million people worldwide suffer from AD [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroprotective Potential of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE) in CNS Disorders: Mechanistic and Therapeutic Insights

Kulkarni

Vaidya

Narula

et al. 2021

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: Neurological disorders like Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), stroke, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington’s disease (HD), epilepsy, traumatic brain injury (TBI), depression and anxiety are responsible for thousands of deaths worldwide every year. With the increase in life expectancy, there has been a rise in the prevalence of these disorders. Age is one of the major risk factors for these neurological disorders and with the aged population is set to rise to 1.25 billion by 2050. There is a growing concern to look for new therapeutic molecules to treat age-related diseases. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is a molecule obtained from a number of botanical sources such as the bark of conifer trees as well as propolis which is extracted from beehives. Though CAPE remains relatively unexplored in human trials, it possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimitogenic and anti-cancer activities as shown by preclinical studies. Apart from this, it also exhibits tremendous potential for the treatment of neurological disorders through modulation of multiple molecular pathways and attenuation of behavioural deficits. In the present article, we have reviewed the therapeutic potential of CAPE and its mechanisms in the treatment of neurological disorders.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroprotective Potential of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE) in CNS Disorders: Mechanistic and Therapeutic Insights

Kulkarni

Vaidya

Narula

et al. 2021

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“…Neurodegenerative disorders have an high impact for both individuals and society [69] and Parkinson's disease (PD) is among this type of conditions.…”

Section: Whole-body Vibration Exercise In Patients With Parkinson's Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Whole-Body Vibration Approaches in Neurological Disorders

Bernardo-Filho¹,

Sá-Caputo²,

Seixas³

et al. 2021

Therapy Approaches in Neurological Disorders

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Bipedalism in humans is associated with an upright spine, however, this condition is not found in other animals with that skill. This may have favored the ability to harness the influence of the gravitational forces on the body. Furthermore, it is suggested that human feet have evolved to facilitate bipedal locomotion, losing an opposable digit that grasped branches in favor of a longitudinal arch that stiffens the foot and aids bipedal gait. Gait is a repetition of sequences of body segments to move the body forward while maintaining balance. The bipedal gait favors the contact of the feet of the individual with the floor. As a result, the mechanical vibration (MV) generated during walking, running or other activity with the feet are, normally, are added to the body. In these various situations, the forces would induce the production of MV with consequent transmission to the whole body of the individual and there is the generation of whole-body vibration (WBV) exercise naturally. However, when a person has a disability, this normal addition of the MV to body does not occur. This also happens with the sedentary or bedridden individual due to illness. In this case, there are the MV yielded in vibrating platforms. The exposure of the individual to the WBV leads to physiological responses at musculoskeletal, neurological, endocrinological, and vascular levels. Considering the state of the art of this theme and the previously cited scientific information, it is plausible to assume that WBV could be a useful tool to be used on the management of individuals with neurological conditions, such as in Parkinson’s disease, stroke, cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injuries, spinocerebellar ataxia and Duchenne muscular dystrophy, and neuropathy (diabetes- and chemotherapy-related), among others. Indeed, improvements due to the WBV have been described regarding motor, and other impairments, in patients with neurological conditions, and these approaches will be presented in this chapter.

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“…Millions around the world are suffering from various forms of neurodegenerative diseases (Kim, S. E. et al, 2013;Zahra et al, 2019). Neurodegenerative disease is classified as a deteriorating medical condition, which leads to progressive degeneration and death of neurons in the peripheral or central nervous system (CNS), that clinically manifest as irreversible cognitive deterioration and/or movement disturbances (Kim, S. E. et al, 2013;Dugger and Dickson, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypoxia-Induced Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer’s Disease: Potential Neuroprotective Effects of Centella asiatica

et al. 2021

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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that is characterised by the presence of extracellular beta-amyloid fibrillary plaques and intraneuronal neurofibrillary tau tangles in the brain. Recurring failures of drug candidates targeting these pathways have prompted research in AD multifactorial pathogenesis, including the role of neuroinflammation. Triggered by various factors, such as hypoxia, neuroinflammation is strongly linked to AD susceptibility and/or progression to dementia. Chronic hypoxia induces neuroinflammation by activating microglia, the resident immune cells in the brain, along with an increased in reactive oxygen species and pro-inflammatory cytokines, features that are common to many degenerative central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Hence, interests are emerging on therapeutic agents and plant derivatives for AD that target the hypoxia-neuroinflammation pathway. Centella asiatica is one of the natural products reported to show neuroprotective effects in various models of CNS diseases. Here, we review the complex hypoxia-induced neuroinflammation in the pathogenesis of AD and the potential application of Centella asiatica as a therapeutic agent in AD or dementia.

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The Global Economic Impact of Neurodegenerative Diseases: Opportunities and Challenges

Cited by 31 publications

References 58 publications

Neuroprotective Potential of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE) in CNS Disorders: Mechanistic and Therapeutic Insights

Neuroprotective Potential of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE) in CNS Disorders: Mechanistic and Therapeutic Insights

Whole-Body Vibration Approaches in Neurological Disorders

Hypoxia-Induced Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer’s Disease: Potential Neuroprotective Effects of Centella asiatica

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