The global burden of metabolic disease: Data from 2000 to 2019

Chew, Nicholas; Ng, Cheng Han; Tan, Darren Jun Hao; Kong, Gwyneth; Lin, Chaoxing; Chin, Yip Han; Lim, Wen Hui; Huang, Daniel Q.; Quek, Jingxuan; Fu, Clarissa Elysia; Xiao, Jieling; Syn, Nicholas; Foo, Roger; Khoo, Chin Meng; Wang, Jiong‐Wei; Dimitriadis, Georgios K.; Young, Dan Yock; Siddiqui, Mohammad Shadab; Lam, Carolyn S.P.; Wang, Yibin; Figtree, Gemma A.; Chan, Mark Y; Cummings, David E.; Noureddin, Mazen; Wong, Vincent Wai‐Sun; Wan, Ronald Ching; Mantzoros, Christos S.; Sanyal, Arun J.; Muthiah, Mark

doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2023.02.003

Cited by 223 publications

(124 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Obesity, given its high and steadily increasing prevalence [105], probably represents the closest human model to exploring the contribution of environmental stressors to microvascular inflammation and accelerated ageing. Its relevance in the global landscape is sadly acknowledged: obesity ranks first in terms of mortality related to metabolic diseases, with no trend towards reduction [149]. The impact of obesity on MD starts very early: in patients with obesity, the slope of the media-to-lumen (M/L) ratio plotted against age diverges from the healthy controls before the age of 20, being five times steeper (Fig.…”

Section: Microvascular Inflammation Across the Age-related Diseases C...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The importance of microvascular inflammation in ageing and age-related diseases: a position paper from the ESH working group on small arteries, section of microvascular inflammation

Mengozzi

Ciuceis

Georgiopoulos

et al. 2023

Journal of Hypertension

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Microcirculation is pervasive and orchestrates a profound regulatory cross-talk with the surrounding tissue and organs. Similarly, it is one of the earliest biological systems targeted by environmental stressors and consequently involved in the development and progression of ageing and age-related disease. Microvascular dysfunction, if not targeted, leads to a steady derangement of the phenotype, which cumulates comorbidities and eventually results in a nonrescuable, very high-cardiovascular risk. Along the broad spectrum of pathologies, both shared and distinct molecular pathways and pathophysiological alteration are involved in the disruption of microvascular homeostasis, all pointing to microvascular inflammation as the putative primary culprit. This position paper explores the presence and the detrimental contribution of microvascular inflammation across the whole spectrum of chronic age-related diseases, which characterise the 21st-century healthcare landscape. The manuscript aims to strongly affirm the centrality of microvascular inflammation by recapitulating the current evidence and providing a clear synoptic view of the whole cardiometabolic derangement. Indeed, there is an urgent need for further mechanistic exploration to identify clear, very early or disease-specific molecular targets to provide an effective therapeutic strategy against the otherwise unstoppable rising prevalence of age-related diseases.

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Section: Microvascular Inflammation Across the Age-related Diseases C...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The importance of microvascular inflammation in ageing and age-related diseases: a position paper from the ESH working group on small arteries, section of microvascular inflammation

Mengozzi

Ciuceis

Georgiopoulos

et al. 2023

Journal of Hypertension

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“…The rising cardiometabolic disease epidemic is a global health concern, with worrisome trends of disease burden and morbidity over the past decades (1)(2)(3). In Asia, nearly a fifth of the adult population is affected by cardiometabolic diseases (4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

General Public’s knowledge, awareness, and perception of Cardiometabolic diseases: data from a Singapore study population

et al. 2023

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BackgroundHealth literacy and illness perception play crucial roles in tackling the cardiometabolic disease epidemic. We aim to compare the attitudes, knowledge, self-perceived risks and actions taken, between individuals with and without metabolic risk factors (MFs).MethodsFrom 5 June to 5 October 2022, participants of the general public were invited to complete a self-administered questionnaire. MF status was defined as the presence of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus and/or current/previous smoking. Participants were assessed based on four categories (knowledge-based, attitude-based, perceived risk, and action-based) of questions pertaining to four cardiometabolic diseases – diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.ResultsA total of 345 participants were enrolled, of whom 34.5% had at least one MF. Compared to those without MFs, participants with MFs had lower knowledge scores, but higher perceived risk scores across all cardiometabolic diseases. The largest knowledge gap pertained to hypertension-related questions. After adjustment, linear regression demonstrated that the presence of MFs (β:2.752, 95%CI: 0.772–4.733, p = 0.007) and higher knowledge scores (β:0.418, 95%CI: 0.236–0.600, p < 0.001) were associated with higher perceived risk. Despite increased perceived risk in those with MFs, this translated to only few increased self-reported preventive actions, when compared to those without MFs, namely the reduction in red meat/processed food consumption (p = 0.045) and increase in fruits/vegetables consumption (p = 0.009).ConclusionThis study identified a vulnerable subpopulation living with MFs, with high perceived risks, and discordant levels of knowledge and preventive actions taken. Nationwide efforts should be channeled into addressing the knowledge-to-action gap.

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“…The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 revealed that the prevalence of all metabolic diseases increased from 2000 to 2019 1 . The latest national prevalence estimates for 2015–2019 were 34.3% for overweight and 16.4% for obesity in adults (≥18 years) according to Chinese criteria 2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The latest national prevalence estimates for 2015–2019 were 34.3% for overweight and 16.4% for obesity in adults (≥18 years) according to Chinese criteria 2 . According to GBD data, the absolute burden of obesity is highest and the number of deaths is highest, with a total of 5.0 million deaths in 2019, in addition to an estimated 43.8 million type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients worldwide in 2019, with 1.4 million deaths among these patients 1 . Moreover, the mortality rates of obesity and T2D did not decrease over time 1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of bariatric surgery for weight loss and diabetes remission

Yin

Wang

Han

et al. 2023

Journal of Diabetes

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Obesity and type 2 diabetes(T2D) lead to defects in intestinal hormones secretion, abnormalities in the composition of bile acids (BAs), increased systemic and adipose tissue inflammation, defects of branched‐chain amino acids (BCAAs) catabolism, and dysbiosis of gut microbiota. Bariatric surgery (BS) has been shown to be highly effective in the treatment of obesity and T2D, which allows us to view BS not simply as weight‐loss surgery but as a means of alleviating obesity and its comorbidities, especially T2D. In recent years, accumulating studies have focused on the mechanisms of BS to find out which metabolic parameters are affected by BS through which pathways, such as which hormones and inflammatory processes are altered. The literatures are saturated with the role of intestinal hormones and the gut‐brain axis formed by their interaction with neural networks in the remission of obesity and T2D following BS. In addition, BAs, gut microbiota and other factors are also involved in these benefits after BS. The interaction of these factors makes the mechanisms of metabolic improvement induced by BS more complicated. To date, we do not fully understand the exact mechanisms of the metabolic alterations induced by BS and its impact on the disease process of T2D itself. This review summarizes the changes of intestinal hormones, BAs, BCAAs, gut microbiota, signaling proteins, growth differentiation factor 15, exosomes, adipose tissue, brain function, and food preferences after BS, so as to fully understand the actual working mechanisms of BS and provide nonsurgical therapeutic strategies for obesity and T2D.

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The global burden of metabolic disease: Data from 2000 to 2019

Cited by 223 publications

References 62 publications

The importance of microvascular inflammation in ageing and age-related diseases: a position paper from the ESH working group on small arteries, section of microvascular inflammation

The importance of microvascular inflammation in ageing and age-related diseases: a position paper from the ESH working group on small arteries, section of microvascular inflammation

General Public’s knowledge, awareness, and perception of Cardiometabolic diseases: data from a Singapore study population

Mechanisms of bariatric surgery for weight loss and diabetes remission

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