The glass transition as a free volume related kinetic phenomenon

Beukel, A. van den; Sietsma, Jilt

doi:10.1016/0956-7151(90)90142-4

Cited by 405 publications

(127 citation statements)

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“…According to the FVM, the glass transition is a process where the free volume of glass solid goes out of the free volume of liquid equilibrium and continuously struggles for the attainment of the equilibrium in the continuous heating process. 11,12 This sudden free volume production is not obvious in the DIL curve as shown in Fig. 1(c), as it is overlapped with the comparatively large linear thermal expansion.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Before T sr-on , it is Region I in which the free volume has a minimal change. 16,20 After T sr-on , it is the high temperature relaxation 10,11 and glass transition region 11,12 (Region II). The high temperature relaxation is the main structural relaxation involving the annihilation of the quench in excess free volume.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11,12 In addition, the changing volume of the isotropic BMGs in the heating process is threefold of the dimension change of BMGs themselves. It is thus possible to measure the free volume change by dilation (DIL) test [13][14][15][16][17] from which the thermal expansion of BMGs can be identified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6,7 This phenomenon can be explained by Cohen and Turnbull's free volume model (FVM). [8][9][10][11][12] The quantitative relationship between the free volume and GFA, however, has not yet been revealed due to the complexity and inaccuracy of the traditional free volume measurement methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characteristic free volumes of bulk metallic glasses: Measurement and their correlation with glass-forming ability

Zeng

2011

Journal of Applied Physics

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Construction of a disorder variable from Steinhardt order parameters in binary mixtures at high densities in three dimensions J. Chem. Phys. 135, 174109 (2011) Fragility of iron-based glasses Appl. Phys. Lett. 99, 161902 (2011) Communication: Are metallic glasses different from other glasses? A closer look at their high frequency dynamics J. Chem. Phys. 135, 101101 (2011) Temperature dependence of the thermoplastic formability in bulk metallic glasses J. Appl. Phys. 110, 043518 (2011) The electronic structure origin for ultrahigh glass-forming ability of the FeCoCrMoCBY alloy system J. Appl. Phys. 110, 033720 (2011) Additional information on J. Appl. Phys. A convenient method is proposed for the measurement of the characteristic free volumes, viz., the amount of excess free volume annihilation in structural relaxation V f-sr and the amount of new free volume production in glass transition V f-gt of bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) by thermal dilation (DIL) test. Through the DIL tests, the characteristic free volumes are found to be sensitive to the change of glass forming ability (GFA). The Pd 40 Cu 30 Ni 10 P 20 BMG has a quite small V f-sr . For a series of Fe-Cr-Mo-C-B-(Er) BMGs, Fe 48 Cr 15 Mo 14 C 15 B 6 Er 2 with the largest GFA is identified to have the largest V f-gt and smallest V f-sr . The correlation between V f-sr and the squares of critical diameters of these iron-based BMGs can be fitted as a negative exponential function with high accuracy.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characteristic free volumes of bulk metallic glasses: Measurement and their correlation with glass-forming ability

Zeng

2011

Journal of Applied Physics

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“…Here we use the DSC method developed by Beukel and Sietsma [23]. They proposed that the freevolume content in a metallic glass is proportional to the energy released during relaxation.…”

Section: Free-volume Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rolling-induced microstructure change in Zr65Al7.5Ni10Cu12.5Ag5 bulk metallic glass

Zhou

Kong

et al. 2011

Chin. Sci. Bull.

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The microstructures and free-volume evolutions of as-cast and pre-annealed Zr 65 Al 7.5 Ni 10 Cu 12.5 Ag 5 bulk metallic glasses during rolling deformation have been investigated. No phase transformation is detected in the as-cast/rolled specimen. However, the structural stability of the glass against plastic deformation is worse after pre-annealing, indicated by nanocrystallization in preannealed/rolled specimens with large deformation degrees. Moreover, with increasing deformation degree, the free-volume content in a pre-annealed/rolled specimen increases at a lower average rate than that in an as-cast/rolled specimen. Bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) have attracted much attention because of their properties such as high fatigue strength, high hardness, good castability, and excellent wear and corrosion resistances [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. However, during compressive or tensile tests at temperatures far below the glass-transition temperature, failure of BMGs usually occurs along a single shear band without much macroscopic plasticity. Their low global plasticity and ductility limit their applications as engineering materials [9], and much attention has been focused on their deformation and fracture mechanisms. Spaepen showed that plastic deformation in a metallic glass is realized by a series of atomic diffusional jumps associated with free volume [10]. The introduction of free volume into shear bands leads to a local lowering of the viscosity, and, as a result, an abrupt break takes places along the shear band. Obviously, the mechanical properties of metallic glasses are closely related to the free-volume content. Four methods can be used to change free-volume content: cooling the melt at different rates during solidification [11], annealing the metallic glass below the glass-transition temperature [12], reheating the metallic glass to above the glasstransition temperature and then cooling down quickly [13], and plastic deformation [14][15][16][17]. The principle behind these methods is that metallic glasses are thermodynamically metastable. Their structure can be changed from one state to another state by heating or mechanical deformation. Many studies have addressed the effects of plastic deformation on the free-volume content of metallic glasses [18][19][20], but very little attention has been paid to the dependence of freevolume evolution during deformation on the initial state of the glass. In this study, rolling deformation was performed on as-cast and pre-annealed Zr 65 Al 7.5 Ni 10 Cu 12.5 Ag 5 BMGs, and their free-volume content evolutions were investigated. Experimental procedureAlloy ingots of nominal composition Zr 65 Al 7.5 Ni 10 Cu 12.5 Ag 5 (atomic per cent) were prepared by arc melting a mixture of pure Zr (99.9%), Al (99.99%), Ni (99.99%), Cu (99.99%), and Ag (99.99%) under a Ti-gettered argon atmosphere. The ingots were inverted and remelted six times to ensure

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Metallic Glasses

Cahn

2006

Materials Science and Technology

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The glass transition as a free volume related kinetic phenomenon

Cited by 405 publications

References 18 publications

Characteristic free volumes of bulk metallic glasses: Measurement and their correlation with glass-forming ability

Characteristic free volumes of bulk metallic glasses: Measurement and their correlation with glass-forming ability

Rolling-induced microstructure change in Zr65Al7.5Ni10Cu12.5Ag5 bulk metallic glass

Metallic Glasses

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