The glandular odontogenic cyst: clinical and radiological features; review of the literature and report of nine cases.

Abstract

Nine cases with glandular odontogenic cysts (GOC's) are presented bringing the total number reported in the literature to 54. Our study confirmed that most GOC's occur in the mandible, whereas maxillary lesions present only in the globulo-maxillary region. The radiological features were found to be non-distinctive and presented as well-defined radiolucencies with uni- and multilocular appearances. Most of the mandibular GOC's were unilocular, involved the symphysis region and only one extended into the ramus. All GOC's larger than 6 cm in diameter showed perforated margins radiologically. Our two multilocular GOC's demonstrated microscopic features supporting their infiltrative radiological appearance. The invasive clinical and radiological features of GOC support the notion of a possible histo-pathologic overlap between GOC and low-grade central mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the jaw.

Glandular Odontogenic Cyst: Analysis of 46 Cases with Special Emphasis on Microscopic Criteria for Diagnosis

“…Many of these have been single case reports; however, several short series and detailed reviews of the literature have also been published [1,2,6,7,11,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. Therefore, the GOC, though rare, is now relatively well known, especially among oral and head and neck pathologists.…”

Bilateral Glandular Odontogenic Cyst of Mandible: A Rare Occurrence

“…Surgical excision with peripheral osseous curettage or ostectomy, curettage with adjuvant Carnoy's solution or cryotherapy is the conservative method of management [17,18]. This more aggressive approach (marginal resection to partial jaw resection) for a cystic lesion is justified because of the high recurrence rate associated with GOC [3,8,19]. Long-term follow-up of patients with GOC treated with curettage or enucleation should be carefully carried out, due to reported recurrent cases up to 7 years [4].…”

“…Lateral periodontal cysts, botryoid odontogenic cysts, and central mucoepidermoid carcinomas (multicystic variant) have significant histopathological similarities to GOC [4,7,8]. Thus, some histopathologic features should be definitely noted to rule out similar lesions.…”

“…Patients may complain of pain, swelling or discharge, but sometimes GOCs can be asymptomatic and discovered on routine radiographs, when a tooth has failed to erupt, teeth are missing, tilted or otherwise out of alignment [7][8][9]. GOCs have benign but locally aggressive behavior with a significant recurrence rate [4,7,10].…”

“…Radiographically, the lesion appears as a well-defined, uni or multilocular radiolucent cystic area [8,9]. Loss of cortical integrity and root resorption may occur [4], and an impacted tooth sometimes can be observed in a cyst cavity [11,12].…”