The ginsenoside Rg3 has a stimulatory effect on insulin signaling in L6 myotubes

Kim, Min; Ahn, Byung Yong; Lee, Ji Seon; Chung, Sung Soo; Lim, Soo; Park, Sang Gyu; Jung, Hye Seung; Lee, Hong Kyu; Park, Kyong Soo

doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.08.088

Cited by 60 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Ginsenoside Rg 3 has recently been implicated in animal studies to have mechanistic actions related to glucose control (Kang et al, 2008;Hwang et al, 2009;Kim et al, 2009). Future research should investigate the clinical potential of this ginsenoside.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Korean red ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) root fractions: Differential effects on postprandial glycemia in healthy individuals

Souza

Jenkins

Sievenpiper

et al. 2011

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Korean red ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) root fractions: Differential effects on postprandial glycemia in healthy individuals

Souza

Jenkins

Sievenpiper

et al. 2011

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

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“…The ginsenoside Rc significantly enhances glucose uptake by inducing generation of reactive oxygen species, which leads to AMPK and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation in C2C12 myotubes (Lee et al, 2010). R3 also improves insulin signaling and glucose uptake, primarily by stimulating the expression of insulin receptor substrate 1 and glucose transporter type 4 (Kim et al, 2009c), and Rh2 significantly activates AMPK in 3T3-L1 adipocytes (Hwang et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The antidiabetic effect of ginsenoside Rb2 via activation of AMPK

et al. 2011

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Ginsenosides, which are active compounds found in ginseng (Panax ginseng), are used as antidiabetic treatments. The aim of this study was to determine whether Rb2, a type of ginsenoside, regulates hepatic gluconeogenesis through AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and the orphan nuclear receptor small heterodimer partner (SHP) in hyperlipidemic conditions used as an in vitro model of type 2 diabetes. Considering these results, we concluded that Rb2 may inhibit palmitate-induced gluconeogenesis via AMPK-induced SHP by relieving ER stress, a cause of gluconeogenesis.

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“…[15][16][17][18][19][20][21] Ginsenoside Rg3 exists in two stereoisomeric forms, 20(S)-Rg3 and 20(R)-Rg3 ( Fig. 1), based on a chiral center at C-20 in its molecular structure.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Stereoselective Skin Anti-photoaging Properties of Ginsenoside Rg3 in UV-B-Irradiated Keratinocytes

Lim

Choi

Jung

2014

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Most UV-C radiation is absorbed by stratospheric ozone; very little reaches the Earth's surface. In contrast, UV-A and UV-B reach the Earth's surface and, subsequently, have the potential to harm humans. Although most biomolecules cannot absorb UV-A, UV-B is particularly harmful to living organisms. UV-A and UV-B contribute to detrimental effects via different molecular mechanisms, such as direct DNA damage, modulation of gene expression, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation.1) UV-B acts primarily on the epidermal basal cell layer of the skin. It initiates a photo-oxidation reaction that impairs the antioxidant status of the skin and increases the cellular ROS level, sequentially accelerating photoaging and the development of malignant diseases.2-5) UV-B is one of leading causes of skin changes, such as wrinkle formation, laxity, coarseness, mottled pigmentation, epidermal thickening, degradation of matrix macromolecules, vascularization, and immunosuppression. 6,7) Keratinocytes, the major cell population in the basal layer of the skin, are the primary targets of UV-B. In keratinocytes, UV-B induces the immediate generation of superoxide radical, which is sequentially converted to other ROS species, such as hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radical. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been implicated in remodeling extracellular matrix (ECM) structures in wound healing, 9) dermal photoaging, 10) and severe pathologic states such as carcinogenesis.11) MMP-1 (interstitial collagenase) is produced by both dermal fibroblasts and epidermal keratinocytes. MMP-1 cleaves types I and III collagen into specific fragments that are further degraded by other MMPs, including MMP-2 (72 kDa gelatinase A/collagenase) and MMP-9 (92 kDa gelatinase B/type IV collagenase). UV radiation, including UV-B, induces the expression and secretion of MMP-1, -2, -3, -9, and/or -13 in the epidermis and dermis. 12,13) Destruction of collagen by UV irradiation, a cause of skin aging in both naturally aged and photoaged skin, is related to the enhanced induction of MMPs, which are secreted by epidermal keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts. 14)Ginsenosides, also referred to as triterpenoid saponins, are the bioactive ingredients of ginseng, an herbal medication derived from the root of the Panax genus of plants that is widely used in traditional medicine. Ginsenosides are categorized into three groups on the basis of their aglycone (sapogenin) skeletons: the panaxadiol-type, including Rb1, Rb2, Rb3, Rc, Rd, Rg3, Rh2, and Rs1; the panaxatriol-type, including Re, Rf, Rg1, Rg2, and Rh1; and the oleanolic acid group, including Ro.Ginsenoside Rg3, one of the most effective ginsenosides, exerts a wide spectrum of pharmacological actions through anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-angiogenic, anti-metastatic, and anti-diabetic activities.15-21) Ginsenoside Rg3 exists in two stereoisomeric forms, 20(S)-Rg3 and 20(R)-Rg3 (Fig. 1), based on a chiral center at C-20 in its molecular structure. Of the two stereoisomers, 20(S)-Rg3 is the major constituen...

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The ginsenoside Rg3 has a stimulatory effect on insulin signaling in L6 myotubes

Cited by 60 publications

References 21 publications

Korean red ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) root fractions: Differential effects on postprandial glycemia in healthy individuals

Korean red ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) root fractions: Differential effects on postprandial glycemia in healthy individuals

The antidiabetic effect of ginsenoside Rb2 via activation of AMPK

Stereoselective Skin Anti-photoaging Properties of Ginsenoside Rg3 in UV-B-Irradiated Keratinocytes

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