The Ginkgolides: Potent platelet-activating factor antagonists isolated from Ginkgo biloba L.. Chemistry, pharmacology and clinical applications

Braquet, P.

doi:10.1358/dof.1987.012.07.77903

Cited by 195 publications

(99 citation statements)

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“…It has a stiff, biodegradable structure and can be supplied easily at low cost (Guimarães et al 2009). Since ginkgolides were found as a naturally occurring platelet-activating factor (PAF) antagonist (Nunez et al 1986;Braquet 1987), efforts have been made to enhance production through cell cultures. PAF is a potent mediator of anaphylaxis and inflammation and is also implicated in shock, graft rejection, renal diseases, ovoimplantation, and certain disorders of the central nervous system (Küster et al 1986;Dive et al 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of methyl jasmonate and salycilic acid synergism on enhancement of bilobalide and ginkgolide production by immobilized cell cultures of Ginkgo biloba

Sukito¹,

Tachibana

2016

Bioresour. Bioprocess.

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Background: Bilobalide and ginkgolides are reported to be present only in Ginkgo biloba. However, only trace amounts of bilobalide and ginkgolides are contained in the ginkgo leaves. Nowadays, there has been considerable interest in plant cell cultures as a potential alternative to traditional agriculture for the industrial production of secondary metabolites. Much effort has been put into the use of in vitro cultures as one attractive biotechnological strategy for producing bilobalide and ginkgolides of commercial interest. The aim of this study was to enhance the production of bilobalide and ginkgolides A, B, and C in cell cultures of G. biloba using immobilized cell cultures and the process of elicitation.Results: Based on the effect of the immobilization components on the free cell suspension cultures, it was considered that the jute fiber acted as an elicitor and forced the cells to release the product into the culture media. The resulting biomass was approximately 1.4 times higher than in the cell suspension cultures, and the production of bilobalide and ginkgolides A, B, and C increased 5.0, 3.3, 6.1, and 4.1 times, respectively. Eliciting with methyl jasmonate (MJ) and salicylic acid (SA) in the immobilized cells enhanced bilobalide and ginkgolides A, B, and C, compared with the unelicited controls. The highest accumulation was observed using a combination of 0.1 mM MJ + 0.1 mM SA in the immobilized cells, which produced 1.78, 1.95, 2.05, and 2.95 times more bilobalide and ginkgolides A, B, and C, respectively, than the controls. Conclusions:The positive effects of immobilized cell cultures using jute fiber and the synergism effect of SA and MJ on immobilized cells of G. biloba appear to be the optimal conditions for continuous in vitro production for commercial purposes. This is the first report on analyzing the effects of jute fiber as immobilized cell material on G. biloba cell cultures and the synergism of MJ and SA on bilobalide and ginkgolide production.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of methyl jasmonate and salycilic acid synergism on enhancement of bilobalide and ginkgolide production by immobilized cell cultures of Ginkgo biloba

Sukito¹,

Tachibana

2016

Bioresour. Bioprocess.

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“…Extracts of G. biloba leaves have been found to possess anti-diabetic, antiasthmatic, antimicro bi al, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective and potent central nervous system activities (Pietri et al, 1997;Mazzanti et al, 2000;Naik and Panda, 2007;Panda and Naik, 2008;Sati and Joshi, 2011). G. biloba contains numerous therapeutically active phyto-constituents such as flavonoids, diterpenes and sesquiterpene lactones which have shown potent scavenging activities (Braquet, 1987;Kleijnen and Knipschild, 1992;Naik et al, 2006;Kaur et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial mode of action of <i>Ginkgo biloba</i> leaf essential oil: Effect on morphology and membrane permeability

Bajpai

Sharma

Baek

2015

Bangladesh J Pharmacol

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This study was aimed to evaluate antimicrobial mode of action of Ginkgo biloba leaf essential oil against food-borne pathogenic bacteria. Gaschromatography and mass-spectrometric analysis determined 34 different compounds, representing 95.4% of the total oil. The G. biloba leaf essential oil (1,000 µg/disc) showed potential antibacterial effect as diameters of inhibition zones (12.0 ± 0.4 -18.0 ± 1.2 mm) along with minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentration values ranging of 250 -1,000 µg/mL. Also the G. biloba leaf essential oil had potential inhibitory effect on the cell viability of the tested pathogens. The scanning electron microscopic analysis using G. biloba leaf essential oil showed considerable morphological alterations on the cell wall of tested pathogens. The oil revealed its mode of action on membrane integrity as confirmed by release of extracellular ATP, increase of 260 nm absorbing materials and increased leakage of potassium ions against food-borne pathogenic bacteria.

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“…Ginkgo nut extract has been used to treat asthma and cough (Smith & Luo, 2004) while extract from the leaves is known to have anticancer (Zhang et al, 2008) and antioxidant (Sener et al, 2007) properties as well as a role in the improvement of blood circulation (Huang et al, 2004). Reports indicate that the administration of ginkgo leaf extract resulted in decreases in platelet aggregation, allergic reaction, general inflammatory response, oxygen radical discharge, and other pro-inflammatory functions of macrophages (Braquet, 1987;Braquet & Hosford, 1991). More importantly, studies suggest increased blood flow and anti-inflammatory effects resulting from ginkgo leaf extract are related to the inhibition of COX and lipoxygenase activity (Houghton, 1994).…”

Section: Research Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Suppression of lipopolysaccharide-induced expression of inflammatory indicators in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells by extract prepared fromGinkgo bilobacambial meristematic cells

Jang

Lee²,

Lim³

et al. 2011

Pharmaceutical Biology

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The Ginkgolides: Potent platelet-activating factor antagonists isolated from Ginkgo biloba L.. Chemistry, pharmacology and clinical applications

Cited by 195 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of methyl jasmonate and salycilic acid synergism on enhancement of bilobalide and ginkgolide production by immobilized cell cultures of Ginkgo biloba

Effect of methyl jasmonate and salycilic acid synergism on enhancement of bilobalide and ginkgolide production by immobilized cell cultures of Ginkgo biloba

Antibacterial mode of action of <i>Ginkgo biloba</i> leaf essential oil: Effect on morphology and membrane permeability

Suppression of lipopolysaccharide-induced expression of inflammatory indicators in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells by extract prepared fromGinkgo bilobacambial meristematic cells

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