The Gifford-McMahon Cycle

Gifford, W. E.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-0522-5_16

Cited by 69 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Однако традиционные сверхпроводящие ускорители являются довольно громоздкими, дорогими и сложными в эксплуатации системами, что обусловлено сложностью криогенной системы для получения жидкого гелия [100]. В последнее время эта проблема начала решаться благодаря развитию компактных рефрижераторов [101], работающих по циклу Гиффорда−Мак-Магона [102], или охладителей на пульсирующих трубках [103]. Мощность таких рефрижераторов достигла уровня, допускающего разработку сверхпроводящих ускорителей, не требующих подключения к внешней системе охлаждения, а значит, более дешевых в эксплуатации и пригодных к использованию в мобильных системах.…”

Section: экономическая эффективностьunclassified

Перспективные Технологии Для Прикладных Резонансных Ускорителей Заряженных Частиц И Примеры Их Использования (Обзор)

Kutsaev

2021

Журнал Технической Физики

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This paper presents the author’s vision on current and future trends in RF particle accelerators development for industrial applications, based on his own work experience in this area. This review covers the most interesting and promising area of applications, according to author’s point of view, where a significant progress has been or can be achieved thanks to the novel technologies. In particular, high gradient structures, new materials and fabrication techniques, cryogenic systems and novel acceleration schemes led to miniaturization, efficiency and variability of the accelerators for industrial, medical, security and scientific applications, and even quantum computers.

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Section: экономическая эффективностьunclassified

Перспективные Технологии Для Прикладных Резонансных Ускорителей Заряженных Частиц И Примеры Их Использования (Обзор)

Kutsaev

2021

Журнал Технической Физики

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“…Both the systems are basically similar; one has a single expansion volume whereas the other has two volumes. Methods of computing the performance of the G-M cycle are reported by several authors (Gifford & McMahon 1960a, h, c;Gifford 1961Gifford , 1966Gifford & Hoffman 1961;Hrycak 1963;Barron 1966;Ackermann & Gifford 1971). Process 3--4: Now, the inlet valve is closed and the gas in the volume is expanded isentropically to pressure Pj, doing work on the piston.…”

Section: 2e Stirling Cycle Liquefiers~refrigeratorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryogenic refrigeration methods for low and ultra-low temperatures — a review

Thirumaleshwar

Subramanyam

1986

Sadhana

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In this review, various cryogenic refrigeration methods to obtain temperatures extending down to the milliKelvin/microKelvin range are described after first explaining the concepts of a "thermodynamically ideal cycle" and the "figure of merit". The various cycles are compared with each other. Data about some of the commercially available refrigerators/cryogenerators have also been included in this review.

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“…Because of its large industrial applications, many commercial organizations have also been manufacturing both single‐stage and two‐stage GM cryorefrigerators for laboratory, medical, and industrial purposes. GM cryocoolers operates on the principle of the GM cycle, proposed by Gifford and McMahon of A.D. Little Inc . Among all its applications, its use in cooling of superconducting magnets in MRI is considered the most vital application to date.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of valve opening shapes on the performance of a single‐stage Gifford‐McMahon cryocooler

Panda

Satapathy

Sarangi

2019

Engineering Reports

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In this work, the effect of the triangular and Gaussian‐shaped opening of the rotary valve (ie, the valve timing diagram of high‐pressure and low‐pressure valves) on the performance of a single‐stage Gifford‐McMahon (GM) cryorefrigerator is numerically investigated. In addition, the effect of waiting time of the rotary valve on its cooling power and coefficient of performance is studied for both types of opening shapes. The governing equations representing the fluid flow and heat transfer behaviors of the refrigerator are solved by using an implicit finite‐volume discretization method. The model considers both primary and secondary loss mechanisms. The developed model is first validated with the published results on GM cryorefrigerators. A very good agreement appears among them. It is observed that no significant change can be appreciated in the cooling power between 40° to 90° of waiting time for both types of opening shapes. On the other hand, in‐between 1° to 40° of waiting time, the cooling power of the Gaussian‐shaped opening of the rotary valve is higher than the one of the triangular opening.

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The Gifford-McMahon Cycle

Cited by 69 publications

References 1 publication

Перспективные Технологии Для Прикладных Резонансных Ускорителей Заряженных Частиц И Примеры Их Использования (Обзор)

Перспективные Технологии Для Прикладных Резонансных Ускорителей Заряженных Частиц И Примеры Их Использования (Обзор)

Cryogenic refrigeration methods for low and ultra-low temperatures — a review

Effect of valve opening shapes on the performance of a single‐stage Gifford‐McMahon cryocooler

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