The GH3 amidosynthetases family and their role in metabolic crosstalk modulation of plant signaling compounds

Wojtaczka, Patrycja; Ciarkowska, Anna; Starzyńska, Ewelina; Ostrowski, Maciej

doi:10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.113039

Cited by 26 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…In the current study, four AUX/IAA4 genes (Pop_A05G001751, Pop_G02G023725, Pop_G05G057440, and Pop_G05G072154) were significantly upregulated in the 11th leaf of tetraploids, and two AUX/IAA13 genes (Pop_A10G047408 and Pop_G10G064704) were significantly upregulated in the fifth and 11th leaves, respectively. The GH3 gene family is involved in hormonal homeostasis by binding to free forms of IAA and JA [ 40 , 41 ]. Overexpression of GH3.1 and GH3.6 can significantly reduce the auxin content and lead to dwarfism in rice [ 42 , 43 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological, Transcriptome, and Hormone Analysis of Dwarfism in Tetraploids of Populus alba × P. glandulosa

Ren

Zhang

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Breeding for dwarfism is an important approach to improve lodging resistance. Here, we performed comparative analysis of the phenotype, transcriptome, and hormone contents between diploids and tetraploids of poplar 84K (Populus alba × P. glandulosa). Compared with diploids, the indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and gibberellin (GA3) contents were increased, whereas the jasmonic acid (JA) and abscisic acid (ABA) contents were decreased in tetraploids. RNA-sequencing revealed that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in leaves of tetraploids were mainly involved in plant hormone pathways. Most DEGs associated with IAA and GA promotion of plant growth and development were downregulated, whereas most DEGs associated with ABA and JA promotion of plant senescence were upregulated. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis indicated that certain transcription factors may be involved in the regulation of genes involved in plant hormone pathways. Thus, the altered expression of some genes in the plant hormone pathways may lead to a reduction in IAA and GA contents, as well as an elevation in ABA and JA contents, resulting in the dwarfing of tetraploids. The results show that polyploidization is a complex biological process affected by multiple plant hormone signals, and it provides a foundation for further exploration of the mechanism of tetraploids dwarfing in forest trees.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological, Transcriptome, and Hormone Analysis of Dwarfism in Tetraploids of Populus alba × P. glandulosa

Ren

Zhang

et al. 2022

IJMS

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“…GH3 was firstly identified as an early auxin responsive gene in soybean ( Glycine max ) (47). Subsequent studies have shown that the GH3s are spatiotemporally induced by many other plant hormones and ambient signals (such as biotic and abiotic stresses), and widely distribute in dicots and monocots (48), indicating their involvement in the plant development and environmental accommodation. Substantial genome analyses in various plants reveal great numbers of GH3 genes and their high degree of redundancy that have been well illustrated by a series of studies in Arabidopsis (11, 15, 37).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subsequent studies have shown that the GH3s are spatiotemporally induced by many other plant hormones and ambient signals (such as biotic and abiotic stresses), and widely distribute in dicots and monocots (48), indicating their involvement in the plant development and environmental accommodation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical genetic screening identifies nalacin as an inhibitor of GH3 amido synthetase for auxin conjugation

Jiang

Xie

Zhu

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Root system is critical for plant growth and development. To develop plant growth regulators functioning in root development, we performed a phenotype-based chemical screen in Arabidopsis and identified a chemical, nalacin, that mimicked the effects of auxin on root development. Genetic, pharmacological and biochemical approaches demonstrated that nalacin exerts its auxin-like activities by inhibiting indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) conjugation that is mediated by Gretchen Hagen 3 (GH3) acyl acid amido synthetases. The crystal structure of Arabidopsis GH3.6 in complex with D4 (a derivative of nalacin) together with docking simulation analysis revealed the molecular basis of the inhibition of group II GH3 by nalacin. Sequence alignment analysis indicated broad bioactivities of nalacin and D4 as inhibitors of GH3s in vascular plants, which were confirmed, at least, in tomato and rice. In summary, our work identifies nalacin as a potent inhibitor of IAA conjugation mediated by group II GH3 that plays versatile roles in hormone-regulated plant development and has potential applications in both basic research and agriculture.

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“…DIOXYGENASE FOR AUXIN OXIDATION 1 (DAO1) and its homolog DAO2 are 2-oxoglutarate and Fe(II)-dependent oxygenases that oxidize IAA into oxIAA, an inactive form [ 51 , 52 ]. In parallel, another family of acyl acid amido synthetases GRECHEN HAGEN 3 (GH3) catalyzes reversible auxin conjugation to amino acids, resulting in their inactivation [ 53 , 54 ]. The GH3 protein family can be generally divided into three subfamilies: groups I, II, and III of GH3 conjugates amino acid to salicylic acid (SA), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and jasmonic acid (JA), respectively [ 53 , 55 ].…”

Section: Existing Chemical Tools That Could Help Us Understand Apical...mentioning

confidence: 99%

New Wine in an Old Bottle: Utilizing Chemical Genetics to Dissect Apical Hook Development

Aizezi

Xie

Guo

et al. 2022

Life

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The apical hook is formed by dicot seedlings to protect the tender shoot apical meristem during soil emergence. Regulated by many phytohormones, the apical hook has been taken as a model to study the crosstalk between individual signaling pathways. Over recent decades, the roles of different phytohormones and environmental signals in apical hook development have been illustrated. However, key regulators downstream of canonical hormone signaling have rarely been identified via classical genetics screening, possibly due to genetic redundancy and/or lethal mutation. Chemical genetics that utilize small molecules to perturb and elucidate biological processes could provide a complementary strategy to overcome the limitations in classical genetics. In this review, we summarize current progress in hormonal regulation of the apical hook, and previously reported chemical tools that could assist the understanding of this complex developmental process. We also provide insight into novel strategies for chemical screening and target identification, which could possibly lead to discoveries of new regulatory components in apical hook development, or unidentified signaling crosstalk that is overlooked by classical genetics screening.

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The GH3 amidosynthetases family and their role in metabolic crosstalk modulation of plant signaling compounds

Cited by 26 publications

References 95 publications

Morphological, Transcriptome, and Hormone Analysis of Dwarfism in Tetraploids of Populus alba × P. glandulosa

Morphological, Transcriptome, and Hormone Analysis of Dwarfism in Tetraploids of Populus alba × P. glandulosa

Chemical genetic screening identifies nalacin as an inhibitor of GH3 amido synthetase for auxin conjugation

New Wine in an Old Bottle: Utilizing Chemical Genetics to Dissect Apical Hook Development

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