The germinomas arising from the basal ganglia and thalamus

Abstract

Germinoma in BG and thalamus predominate in a boy. The neuroimaging features are very informative for diagnosis. Surgical resection should not be the first choice although it is has lesser complications. The long-term outcome is favorable.

Intracranial Germinoma Presenting With Hemiatrophy- Follow-up Results and Literature Review -Two Case Reports-

“…17,18) The most common symptoms in these patients were hemiparesis and cognitive dysfunction, which are nonspecific signs of involvement of subcortical structures. Only 4 patients without suprasellar lesions on MR imaging manifested diabetes insipidus, a possible clue for a preoperative diagnosis of germinoma.…”

“…6) Ectopic germinomas arising in the basal ganglia, thalamus, or internal capsule account for 4-20% of all intracranial germinomas. 4,6,7,9,10,12,15,18) Third ventricular development during early embryogenesis may induce the out-migration of ectopic germ cells from the midline and this may explain the occurrence of germinomas in off-midline structures. 5,6) Some basal ganglia germinomas are associated with hemispheric atrophy.…”

Re-evaluation of the significance of cerebrospinal fluid human chorionic gonadotropin in detecting intracranial ectopic germinomas

“…This distribution is not consistent with the usual age range of patients with intracranial ectopic germinoma, as most intracranial ectopic germinomas occur in children, adolescents and young adults. 1,3,14,15 The CSF hCG level among different age groups was compared and not found to be significantly different. Therefore, the CSF hCG reference value established in this study can reliably be used to detect abnormally elevated CSF hCG levels in male children, adolescents and young adults.…”

“…Because serum hCG in healthy males is within the lower range of CSF hCG values, 2 and an intact BBB has only a slight effect on the CSF hCG level, 13 it is reasonable to apply the reference value established in this study to healthy males. As intracranial ectopic germinoma is primarily diagnosed in men, 1,3,14,15 only male patients were recruited to establish the reference value of the CSF hCG level. Patients younger than 20 and those younger than 40 years comprised 12.4% and 35.8% of the whole subject group, respectively.…”

Basal ganglia germinomas in children. Four clinical cases and a literature review

“…Наши на-блюдения полностью подтверждают эти данные. Приводятся также случаи мультифокального герми-номного поражения с вовлечением подкорковых уз-лов и других участков мозга [9,[16][17][18]. Такой случай был и в одном из наших наблюдений.…”