The germin-like protein OsGLP2-1 enhances resistance to fungal blast and bacterial blight in rice

Abstract

This is the first report that GLP gene (OsGLP2-1) is involved in panicle blast and bacterial blight resistance in rice. In addition to its resistance to blast and bacterial blight, OsGLP2-1 has also been reported to co-localize with a QTLs for sheath blight resistance in rice. These suggest that the disease resistance provided by OsGLP2-1 is quantitative and broad spectrum. Its good resistance to these major diseases in rice makes it to be a promising target in rice breeding. Rice (Oryza sativa) blast caused by Magnaporthe oryzae and bacterial blight caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae are the two most destructive rice diseases worldwide. Germin-like protein (GLP) gene family is one of the important defense gene families which have been reported to be involved in disease resistance in plants. Although GLP proteins have been demonstrated to positively regulate leaf blast resistance in rice, their involvement in resistance to panicle blast and bacterial blight, has not been reported. In this study, we reported that one of the rice GLP genes, OsGLP2-1, was significantly induced by blast fungus. Overexpression of OsGLP2-1 quantitatively enhanced resistance to leaf blast, panicle blast and bacterial blight. The temporal and spatial expression analysis revealed that OsGLP2-1is highly expressed in leaves and panicles and sub-localized in the cell wall. Compared with empty vector transformed (control) plants, the OsGLP2-1 overexpressing plants exhibited higher levels of HO both before and after pathogen inoculation. Moreover, OsGLP2-1 was significantly induced by jasmonic acid (JA). Overexpression of OsGLP2-1 induced three well-characterized defense-related genes which are associated in JA-dependent pathway after pathogen infection. Higher endogenous level of JA was also identified in OsGLP2-1 overexpressing plants than in control plants both before and after pathogen inoculation. Together, these results suggest that OsGLP2-1 functions as a positive regulator to modulate disease resistance. Its good quantitative resistance to the two major diseases in rice makes it to be a promising target in rice breeding.

A combined microRNA and transcriptome analyses illuminates the resistance response of rice against brown planthopper

“…Most of the genes, excluding LOC_Os02g45420 and LOC_ Os01g72270, were highly upregulated (FC > 5) during the early stages in the BPH6G plants and highly downregulated during the late stages in WT, indicating their important roles in BPH response. The germin-like protein (GLP) gene family confers broad-spectrum resistance to pathogens and insects in plants through H 2 O 2 production due to superoxide dismutase activity at the infection site [36,37]. The overexpression of LTPs increases the resistance to pathogens and environmental stresses due to the hydrophobic protective layers of surface polymers [38].…”

Proteome and transcriptome profile analysis reveals regulatory and stress-responsive networks in the russet fruit skin of sand pear

“…9). The germin-like protein (GLP) gene family is an important defense gene family associated with the JAdependent pathway 34 . In this study, the expression of four GLP genes (Gene ID: 103933808, 108865350, 103941350, and 103963620) was significantly enhanced at both the transcript and protein levels, and the expression of 103933808 was obviously higher than that of the other GLP genes (Fig.…”

“…The russet skin of sand pear fruit possesses at least three types of protective barriers to biotic stresses, which include the physical barrier formed by the periderm and the chemical barrier formed by the accumulation of certain metabolites, such as triterpenoids that have antimicrobial activities. The GLP gene has been proven to be one of the important defense genes involved in plant basal host resistance 34,[48][49][50] . In this study, the expression of GLP genes was significantly upregulated in the russet fruit skin of sand pear, conferring higher basal host resistance in the organ.…”

A combined microRNA and transcriptome analysis illuminates the resistance response of rice against brown planthopper

“…Most of the genes, excluding LOC_Os02g45420 and LOC_Os01g72270, were highly upregulated (FC > 5) during the early stages in the BPH6G plants and highly downregulated during the late stages in WT, indicating their important roles in BPH response. The germin-like protein (GLP) gene family confers broad-spectrum resistance to pathogens and insects in plants through H 2 O 2 production due to superoxide dismutase activity at the infection site [37,38]. The overexpression of LTPs increases the resistance to pathogens and environmental stresses due to the hydrophobic protective layers of surface polymers [39].…”