The Geomorphic Evolution of Karsts and Karstic Surfaces

Móga, János; Veress, Márton

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-92960-2_7

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…In this hypothetical case, the absolute value of surface denudation due to karst processes is well approximated by the total volume of dolines. As mentioned above, the duration of doline evolution is not known exactly for the study area, but the literature agrees that karst processes became dominant in this area during the Quaternary [65,[75][76][77]79]. Thus, with a very rough estimation, if the duration of doline evolution is estimated to be 2 million years, then the rate of surface denudation directly due to karst processes is on the order of 0.2-0.4 m/Ma, which is an extremely slow rate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thereafter, the uplift divided this area into several blocks, and karstification became gradually more intensive [78]. Some of the river valleys transformed into dry valleys, infiltration became the dominant process in the uplifted karst areas, and cave formation took place in the depths [79]. Currently, the topography of the study area is characterized by plateaus of 350-900 m a.s.l., densely dotted with dolines.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

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LiDAR-Based Morphometry of Dolines in Aggtelek Karst (Hungary) and Slovak Karst (Slovakia)

Telbisz,

Mari,

Székely

2024

Remote Sensing

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LiDAR-based digital terrain models (DTMs) represent an advance in the investigation of small-scale geomorphological features, including dolines of karst terrains. Important issues in doline morphometry are (i) which statistical distributions best model the size distribution of doline morphometric parameters and (ii) how to characterize the volume of dolines based on high-resolution DTMs. For backward compatibility, how previous datasets obtained predominantly from topographic maps relate to doline data derived from LiDAR is also examined. Our study area includes the karst plateaus of Aggtelek Karst and Slovak Karst national parks, whose caves are part of the UNESCO World Heritage. To characterize the study area, the relationships between doline parameters and topography were studied, as well as their geological characteristics. Our analysis revealed that the LiDAR-based doline density is 25% higher than the value calculated from topographic maps. Furthermore, LiDAR-based doline delineations are slightly larger and less rounded than in the case of topographic maps. The plateaus of the study area are characterized by low (5–10 km−2), moderate (10–30 km−2), and medium (30–35 km−2) doline densities. In terms of topography, the slope trend is decisive since the doline density is negligible in areas where the general slope is steeper than 12°. As for the lithology, 75% of the dolines can be linked to Wetterstein Limestone. The statistical distribution of the doline area can be well modeled by the lognormal distribution. To describe the DTM-based volume of dolines, a new parameter (k) is introduced to characterize their 3D shape: it is equal to the product of the area and the depth divided by the volume. This parameter indicates whether the idealized shape of the doline is closer to a cylinder, a bowl (calotte), a cone, or a funnel shape. The results show that most sinkholes in the study area have a transitional shape between a bowl (calotte) and a cone.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%