In this chapter, systolic inequalities are established, precise values are computed, and their behavior is also examined with the variation of the FenchelNielsen coordinates on a compact Riemann surface of genus 2.
IntroductionThe metric and geometric structure of surfaces may be studied by using the closed geodesics spectrum and the Laplace-Beltrami operator spectrum. It is not easy to obtain these spectra and even more difficult is to describe their dependence on the parameters which determine the metric and geometric structure of a surface. The dependence of such spectra dependence is examined using a boundary map when a Riemann surface M of genus 2, thus with negative curvature, is considered.From a classical point of view the hyperelliptic surfaces are the simplest Riemann surfaces [12]. They can be denned by an algebraic curve y 2 = F (x) where F (x) is a polynomial of degree 2τ + 1 or 2τ + 2 with distinct roots (τ is the genus of the surface). Hyperelliptic surfaces of genus τ are characterized by the fact that the number of different Weierstrass points is minimal, namely 2τ + 2 (the fixed points of the hyperelliptic involution), while the weight of each Weierstrass point is maximal, namely 1 2 τ (τ − 1). For our purposes, two results for surfaces (see [17] The systole of a compact Riemann surface is defined as the minimum length of a noncontractile curve. In the 1990s, a number of studies developed this concept: in particular, the article published by Schmutz Schaller (see [17]) that spurred the C. Grácio ( ) CIMA-UE-DMAT,