“…One view is that conceptual knowledge relies on neural ensembles that code for relations among stimuli but are invariant to their physical properties (Baram et al, 2019;Behrens et al, 2018;Bellmund et al, 2018;Collins & Frank, 2013;Doumas et al, 2008;Brenden M. Lake et al, 2015;Summerfield et al, 2019;Tervo et al, 2016). Recent evidence hints that when sets of stimuli share relational structure across contexts, they are embedded on parallel low-dimensional neural manifolds, so that a linear decoder learned in one context can be readily repurposed for another (Bernardi et al, 2020;Fitzgerald et al, 2013;Ganguli et al, 2008;Luyckx et al, 2019;Remington et al, 2018). By aligning neural state spaces between contexts in this way, one can generalise relational knowledge, for example applying a criterion that distinguishes fast and slow animals to discriminate fast and slow vehicles, such as space rockets and bicycles (Fig.…”